SFB 1039: Signalling by Fatty Acid Derivatives and Sphingolipids in Health and Disease

SFB 1039：脂肪酸衍生物和鞘脂在健康和疾病中的信号传导

• 批准号: 204083920
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research Centres
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/204083920?language=en
• 关键词: SFB; 1039; Signalling; Fatty; Acid

Cellular functions are usually linked to the activity of proteins and nucleic acids. Accordingly, human diseases are classified as malfunctions of these classes of macromolecules. Indeed, most of the approved pharmaceuticals as well as new classes of drugs are searched for and optimized by structural data of proteins. There is an increasing perception that lipids exert a controlling influence on the localization and activity of proteins, act as important inter- and intracellular signalling molecules, and serve as targets for the development of new pharmaceuticals. Over the past few years it has become clear that specific alterations in lipid metabolism play an important role in the initiation and progression of important diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, cancer, inflammation, organ fibrosis, pain as well as neurodegenerative diseases. Lipid metabolism generates signalling molecules of exceptional variability and complexity but the analytical methods used to detect lipid intermediates have been improved and potent therapeutics directed against lipids and lipid signalling have been introduced into the market. Therefore, interest in this area is steadily increasing and lipid signalling is on its way becoming a central topic in translational research. Our Collaborative Research Centre focusses on two classes of lipid molecules: fatty acids and their derivatives and signalling molecules derived from sphingolipids. The projects focus on four major research areas: (i) Inflammation, fibrosis and pain research, (ii) Barrier protection, (iii) Regulation of metabolism, and (iv) Immune defence and tumour development. Projects will address specific questions such as: (1) How do lipid signalling molecules regulate gene expression in acute and chronic inflammation and in the resolution of inflammation? (2) How do lipids modulate epigenetic mechanisms? (3) How do lipids and matrix molecules interact in cellular signalling? (4) How do lipids modulate protein signalling cascades in cell death and disease? We are confident that a detailed understanding of the lipid signalling networks that are the focus of our research will lead the way to transitional research approaches aiming for novel innovative diagnostic and therapy of highly-relevant diseases.

细胞功能通常与蛋白质和核酸的活性有关。因此，人类疾病被归类为这些大分子的故障。事实上，大多数被批准的药物以及新的药物类别都是通过蛋白质的结构数据进行搜索和优化的。越来越多的人认为，脂类对蛋白质的定位和活性具有控制性的影响，是重要的细胞内和细胞内信号分子，也是新药开发的靶点。在过去的几年中，脂代谢的特定变化在动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病、癌症、炎症、器官纤维化、疼痛以及神经退行性疾病等重要疾病的发生和发展中发挥着重要作用。脂类代谢产生的信号分子具有特殊的变异性和复杂性，但用于检测脂类中间体的分析方法已得到改进，针对脂类和脂类信号的有效疗法已被引入市场。因此，人们对这一领域的兴趣正在稳步增加，脂质信号正在成为翻译研究的中心话题。我们的合作研究中心专注于两类脂分子：脂肪酸及其衍生物和源于神经鞘脂脂的信号分子。这些项目集中在四个主要研究领域：(I)炎症、纤维化和疼痛研究，(Ii)屏障保护，(Iii)新陈代谢调节，以及(Iv)免疫防御和肿瘤发展。项目将解决以下具体问题：(1)脂质信号分子如何在急慢性炎症和炎症消退中调节基因表达？(2)脂质如何调节表观遗传机制？(3)脂质和基质分子如何在细胞信号传递中相互作用？(4)脂质如何调节细胞死亡和疾病中的蛋白质信号级联反应？我们相信，对作为我们研究重点的脂质信号网络的详细了解将引导我们走向旨在高度相关疾病的创新诊断和治疗的过渡性研究方法。