NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology FY 2012

2012 财年 NSF 生物学博士后奖学金

• 批准号: 1202815
• 负责人: Bret Pasch
• 金额: $ 12.3万
• 依托单位: Pasch Bret
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1202815&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Postdoctoral; Fellowship; Biology; FY

Steering sound beams: Biophysics of public and private signaling in mixed mediaAnimals display an extraordinary diversity of sounds, odors, and colors to communicate within and between species. The efficacy of communication hinges on signal detection by receivers following propagation through an often cluttered environment. Two key solutions to minimizing distortion involve producing signals that are resistant to degradation, and advertising at times and positions that optimize signal transmission. While much attention has focused on the physics of signal design, little research has explored physical mechanisms underlying behavioral strategies aimed at maximizing propagation. This work explores the biophysics of behavioral strategies employed by Neotropical singing mice (Scotinomys) to maximize sound propagation in different social contexts. The goal is to quantify the influence of relative humidity on the active space of advertisement signals, and investigate how postural changes contribute to the directionality and degradation of specific acoustic parameters.Training objectives include developing proficiency in physical acoustics, publishing at the interface of biology and physics, mentoring undergraduate students, and improving methods of disseminating research findings to the scientific community and public. Broader impacts include development of inquiry-based curricula aimed at exploring the interface of biology and physical sciences as they relate to animal communication. The fellow will build on existing networks within local communities in Costa Rica where fieldwork is conducted. Students from elementary schools will be trained to assist in collection and presentation of biological data.

操纵声束：混合介质中公共和私人信号的生物物理学动物在物种内部和物种之间的交流中表现出非凡的声音，气味和颜色的多样性。通信的有效性取决于接收机在通常杂乱的环境中传播后对信号的检测。最大限度地减少失真的两个关键解决方案涉及产生抗降级的信号，以及在优化信号传输的时间和位置进行广告。虽然很多注意力都集中在信号设计的物理，很少有研究探讨物理机制的行为策略，旨在最大限度地提高传播。这项工作探讨了生物物理学的行为策略所采用的新热带唱歌小鼠（Scotinomys），以最大限度地提高声音传播在不同的社会背景。目标是量化相对湿度对广告信号活动空间的影响，并调查姿势变化如何有助于特定声学参数的方向性和退化。培训目标包括培养物理声学能力，在生物和物理的界面上发表文章，指导本科生，以及改进向科学界和公众传播研究成果的方法。更广泛的影响包括开发以探究为基础的课程，旨在探索生物学和物理科学与动物交流有关的界面。该研究员将在哥斯达黎加开展实地工作的地方社区现有网络的基础上开展工作。将培训小学生协助收集和介绍生物数据。