Collaborative Research: Evaluating the Competing Impacts of Global Emissions Reductions and Climate Change on the Distribution and Retention of selected POPs in the Arctic Ocean

合作研究：评估全球减排和气候变化对北冰洋特定持久性有机污染物的分布和保留的竞争影响

• 批准号: 1203496
• 负责人: Elsie Sunderland
• 金额: $ 22.45万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-15 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1203496&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Evaluating; Competing; Impacts

The goal of the proposed research is to better understand how changes in global emissions and climate are affecting the distribution, lifetime, and bioavailability of selected persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Arctic Ocean. POPs travel globally in air and water, are often highly bioaccumulative, and have the ability to cycle among environmental media enabling long-range transport to remote regions such as the Arctic. The investigators will use a modeling approach to provide insight into the relative importance of changing primary anthropogenic emissions and oceanic biogeochemical processes in controlling the fate and lifetime of POPs in the Arctic Ocean. The research will focus on two classes of compounds (polyfluorinated compounds - PFCs - and polychlorinated biphenyls - PCBs) with contrasting physical and chemical properties affecting behavior and reactivity in the atmosphere and ocean. The investigators will also collect new data on depth profiles of PCBs and two PFCs - perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanate (PFOA) - in the Arctic Ocean. Three main objectives will be addressed in the proposed research:1) Quantify the global and regional atmospheric budget of PCBs and PFCs, including relevant spatially-varying uncertainties 2) Quantify the budget of PCBs and PFCs in the Arctic Ocean, including inputs from atmospheric deposition, riverine inflows, and ocean cycling 3) Quantify the relative importance of atmospheric, oceanic, and riverine inputs of PFOA, PFOS and PCBs to the Arctic, including the influence of climate and emissions. 
Ultimately this project will improve knowledge of how these compounds reach the Arctic and inform environmental management. The broader impacts component of the project will have three main goals: (1) Provide policy-relevant information to the Stockholm Convention and other international agreements on POPs to support monitoring and evaluation efforts for its controls on PCBs and PFOS and related compounds; (2) Inform sustainability education, by developing a case study on emerging POPs in the Arctic for courses relevant to environmental sustainability; and (3) train the next generation of interdisciplinary scientists (one graduate student will be trained at each of the three collaborating institutions).

拟议的研究的目的是更好地了解全球排放和气候的变化如何影响北极海洋中选定的持续有机污染物（POP）的分布，寿命和生物利用度。 POPS在空气和水中全球旅行，通常具有高度的生物蓄积，并且具有在环境媒体之间循环的能力，从而使能够远程运输到北极等偏远地区。研究人员将使用一种建模方法来洞悉改变原发性人为排放和海洋生物地球化学过程，以控制北极海洋流行音乐的命运和寿命。该研究将集中于两类化合物（多氟化合物 - PFCS和多氯联苯 - PCB），具有对比的物理和化学特性，影响了大气和海洋中的行为和反应性。研究人员还将在北极海洋中收集有关PCB和两个PFC的深度剖面和两个PFC的深度数据 - 全氟辛烷（PFOS）和全氟辛烷（PFOA）。拟议的研究中将解决三个主要目标：1）量化PCB和PFC的全球和区域大气预算，包括相关的空间变化不确定性2）量化北极海洋中PCB和PFC的预算，包括来自大气沉积，河流水流，河流循环和海洋氛围的INTUPESAIC的投入，包括来自大气层的投入，并量化了PFC的相对强度，并量化了PFC的相对范围。 PFO和PCB到北极，包括气候和排放的影响。 ＆＃8232;最终，该项目将提高对这些化合物如何达到北极并为环境管理提供信息的知识。该项目的更广泛的影响将具有三个主要目标：（1）为POPS提供与POPS的其他国际协议提供与政策相关的信息，以支持其对PCB，PFOS及其相关化合物的控制和评估工作； （2）通过开发有关北极新兴流行音乐的案例研究，以了解与环境可持续性有关的课程； （3）培训下一代跨学科科学家（将在三个合作机构中的每个机构中的每个研究生接受培训）。