Collaborative Research: Contributions to HALO, the Helium and Lead Observatory

该奖项将使杜克大学和明尼苏达大学德卢斯分校的中微子研究小组在氦和铅天文台（HALO）上的合作工作成为可能。这是一项新的实验，旨在探测源自我们银河系内一颗核心坍缩超新星的中微子。大质量恒星的死亡导致了这些灾难性的事件，每隔几十年就会在银河系的某个地方发生一次，它们99%的能量都以中微子的形式释放出来。现有的探测器主要对电子反中微子敏感。使用铅作为靶核，使得HALO对电子中微子以及通过中性电流相互作用产生的爆发通量的所有风味成分都很敏感。这个资金周期的工作将集中在用冗余、快速故障转移数据采集系统升级HALO。该奖项将为这项工作提供适度的硬件和人员贡献。该奖项更广泛的影响包括为学生和博士后研究人员提供优秀的实验培训。过去，他们在吸引学生和博士后参与方面非常成功。这个项目提供了一系列的经验，从模拟到探测器的建造，操作和数据分析很快就会开始。HALO还将成为SNEWS（超新星早期预警系统）的贡献者，该系统具有内在的扩展组件。

This award will enable collaborative work by Duke University and the University of Minnesota Duluth's neutrino research groups on the Helium and Lead Observatory (HALO). This is a new experiment designed to detect neutrinos originating in a core-collapse supernova within our own galaxy. The deaths of massive stars which cause these cataclysmic events occur every few decades somewhere in the MilkyWay and emit 99% of their energy in the form of a short burst of neutrinos. Existing detectors are primarily sensitive to electron antineutrinos. Use of lead for its target nuclei allows HALO to be sensitive to electron neutrinos, as well as to all flavor components of the burst flux via neutral current interactions. The effort for this funding cycle will center on upgrading HALO with redundant, fast-failover data acquisition systems. This award will provide modest hardware and personnel contributions to this effort.Broader impacts of this award include the excellent experimental training for students and postdoctoral researchers. They have been very successful in involving students and postdocs in the past. This project offers a range of experiences, from simulation through detector construction, with operations and data analysis to commence soon. HALO will also be a contributor to SNEWS (SuperNova Early Warning System), which has an intrinsic outreach component.