In Situ Probing of Correlations and Dynamics with Quantum Gases in Optical Lattices

原位探测光晶格中量子气体的相关性和动力学

• 批准号: 1206095
• 负责人: Cheng Chin
• 金额: $ 46.95万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-15 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1206095&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Situ; Probing; Correlations; Dynamics; Quantum

In this project, Dr. Chin's group at the University of Chicago identifies and investigates generic behaviors of strongly interacting atoms at ultralow temperatures. Once these generic correlations are determined, our understanding of a whole class of other complex quantum systems in nature will be greatly improved. One prominent goal is to understand high-Tc superconductivity, where the essential microscopic interactions can potentially be captured by fermionic atoms in optical lattices. Another fascinating goal is to explore the conjectured correspondence between the dynamics of atoms near a "quantum phase transition" and the quantum gravity in the early universe described by string theory.Overall, the project will identify emerging universal behaviors of quantum systems in the strong coupling regime. More specifically, temporal and spatial density correlations at all length scales are being investigated based on in situ imaging of Lithium-Cesium quantum gases with high spatial resolution. Spatial correlations can be extracted from same-time density measurement, while temporal correlations are being measured by locally poking the sample and monitoring the consequent density response. Among other directions, the group investigates pairing and superfluidity of fermions in lattices described by the Fermi-Hubbard model, and quantum critical transport, and its connection to the conjectured gauge-gravity duality.Correlations of particles are of fundamental interest in the research of condensed matter physics and materials science, since they lie at the heart of novel quantum phenomena, such as high-Tc superconductivity and quantum magnetism. Both pose a major challenge to our understanding of quantum materials. In recent years, quantum simulations based on ultracold atoms has emerged as a powerful tool and a fast growing research direction for unveiling the mystery of complex quantum phenomena.Finally, the group is initiating a new outreach program for K-12 students of public schools in the historical Chicago south side. This program offers a variety of science education activities to enhance the exposure of young students to the development of modern science and technology.

在这个项目中，芝加哥大学的Chin博士的小组确定并研究了超低温下强相互作用原子的一般行为。一旦确定了这些普遍的相关性，我们对自然界中其他一类复杂量子系统的理解将大大提高。一个突出的目标是理解高Tc超导性，其中基本的微观相互作用可以被光学晶格中的费米子原子捕获。 另一个令人着迷的目标是探索“量子相变”附近的原子动力学与弦论描述的早期宇宙中的量子引力之间的严格对应。总的来说，该项目将确定强耦合区域中量子系统的新兴普遍行为。更具体地说，在所有长度尺度上的时间和空间密度相关性正在研究的基础上原位成像的锂铯量子气体具有高的空间分辨率。空间相关性可以从同一时间的密度测量中提取，而时间相关性则通过局部戳样品并监测随后的密度响应来测量。研究方向包括费米-哈伯德模型描述的晶格中费米子的配对和超流性，量子临界输运及其与约束规范-引力对偶性的联系。粒子关联是凝聚态物理和材料科学研究的基础，因为它们是新量子现象的核心，如高温超导和量子磁性。 两者都对我们理解量子材料提出了重大挑战。近年来，基于超冷原子的量子模拟已成为揭开复杂量子现象奥秘的有力工具和快速发展的研究方向。最后，该组织正在为历史悠久的芝加哥南部公立学校的K-12学生发起一项新的外展计划。该计划提供各种科学教育活动，以提高年轻学生对现代科学和技术发展的接触。