Collaborative Research: The Aspherical Nature and Evolution of Supernovae

合作研究：超新星的非球面性质和演化

• 批准号: 1210372
• 负责人: Jennifer Hoffman
• 金额: $ 25.07万
• 依托单位: University of Denver
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2018-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1210372&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Aspherical; Nature; Evolution

This award will support a long-term comprehensive spectropolarimetric survey of all types of supernovae. The principal goal of this effort is to improve the understanding of the characteristics and importance of asymmetries in supernova explosions by focusing on the observable evolution. Polarimetry allows one to probe spatial scales in a supernova that cannot be resolved through direct imaging from earth or space. Spectropolarimetry further enhances the power of this technique by revealing wavelength dependent variations that may result from optical depth dependent geometries. In recent years, evidence has grown that nearly all supernovae exhibit departures from spherical symmetry. These results, together with advances in computing power that enable full three dimensional modeling, are exposing the possibility that asymmetries are not just observable consequences of supernovae, but may in fact be a necessity of the explosion mechanism itself. The investigators will obtain repeat spectropolarimetry of the brightest core collapse and thermonuclear. These data will be augmented with both photometry and high-resolution spectroscopy. The project is expected to have an impact on astrophysics as the diagnostic power of polarimetry continues to advance, especially in the era of giant telescopes and time-variable astronomy. This project will also support a number of outreach and education efforts at each institution and will contribute to the education and training of undergraduate and graduate students. In addition, Dr. Hoffman will continue her leadership of the Collaborative Research in Astrophysics (CORA) program at the University of Denver. This program is based on studies that show that participation in group research projects increases retention of female students in scientifically and technically demanding majors.

该奖项将支持对所有类型的超新星进行长期全面的光谱偏振调查。这项工作的主要目标是通过关注可观测的演化来提高对超新星爆炸中不对称性的特征和重要性的理解。偏振法使人们能够探测超新星的空间尺度，这是无法通过从地球或太空直接成像来解决的。光谱偏振法通过揭示可能由光学深度相关几何形状导致的波长相关变化，进一步增强了该技术的能力。近年来，越来越多的证据表明，几乎所有的超新星都偏离了球形对称。这些结果，再加上计算能力的进步，可以实现完整的三维建模，揭示了一种可能性，即不对称不仅是超新星的可观察结果，而且实际上可能是爆炸机制本身的必要条件。研究人员将获得最亮的核心坍缩和热核的重复光谱偏振测量。这些数据将通过光度测定和高分辨率光谱学加以增强。随着偏振测量的诊断能力不断提高，特别是在巨型望远镜和时变天文学时代，该项目预计将对天体物理学产生影响。该项目还将支持各机构的一些推广和教育工作，并将为本科生和研究生的教育和培训作出贡献。此外，霍夫曼博士将继续领导丹佛大学天体物理学合作研究（CORA）项目。这项计划是基于研究表明，参与小组研究项目增加了女学生在科学和技术要求高的专业的保留率。