SBIR Phase I: Electrochemical Systems for the Reduction of Oxyhalide Species

这个小企业创新研究第一阶段项目建议开发新的水处理方法，以经济有效地去除水中的无机消毒副产物（DBPs）。这些dbp被称为氧化卤化物，通常与标准的水消毒方法有关，但也可能作为工业污染的结果存在于水中。氧卤化物存在已知的公共健康风险，是美国环境保护署和各州环境机构监管的目标。本项目的研究将集中在两种电化学方法上，以减轻氧化卤化物对水的污染。第一个是一种新型的电化学系统，能够直接将氧化卤化物还原为相应的卤化物离子；第二个是研究独特的预防措施，利用现场电化学生成系统，在次氯酸盐生产过程中最大限度地减少氧化卤化物的形成。该项目的商业影响是，拟议的研究将提供新的水处理技术解决方案，增加获得高质量饮用水的机会。一种能够完全还原氧化卤化物的电化学装置将提供一种有效、经济的新技术，可用于从个人家庭到大型含水层修复项目的规模。同样，在盐水电解过程中减少氧化卤化物的产量将有助于市政当局和工业用水生产商达到目前和计划中的饮用水标准，这些标准规定了饮用水中氯酸盐和高氯酸盐的允许含量。根据这项研究开发的两种技术为接触有毒氧化卤化物提供了技术障碍，将对公众健康产生广泛影响。

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project proposes to develop novel approaches to water treatment that cost-effectively remove inorganic disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in water. These DBPs, known as oxyhalides, are typically associated with standard water disinfection methods but can also be present in water as a result of industrial contamination. Oxyhalides present known public health risks and are targeted for regulation by the US Environmental Protection Agency as well as state environmental agencies. Research in this project will focus on two electrochemical methods that mitigate contamination of water with oxyhalides. The first is a novel electrochemical system capable of directly reducing oxyhalides to their corresponding halide ions while the second investigates unique preventative measures to minimize oxyhalide formation during hypochlorite production using on-site electrochemical generation systems.The commercial impacts of this project are that the proposed research will provide novel water treatment technology solutions that increase access to high quality potable water. An electrochemical device capable of complete reduction of oxyhalides will provide an effective, economical new technology that can be used on scales ranging from individual households to major aquifer remediation projects. Similarly, reduced production of oxyhalides during brine electrolysis processes will help municipalities and industrial water producers meet current and planned drinking water standards regulating the amounts of chlorate and perchlorate allowed in potable water. Both of the technologies developed as a result of this research will result in a broad impact on public health by providing technological barriers to the exposure of toxic oxyhalides.