SBIR Phase I: Electrochemical Systems for the Reduction of Oxyhalide Species

这个小型企业创新研究第一阶段项目建议开发新的水处理方法，以经济高效地去除水中的无机消毒副产品(DBP)。这些二溴联苯并苯并苯二苯醚被称为卤素氧化合物，通常与标准的水消毒方法有关，但也可能由于工业污染而存在于水中。氧卤化物存在已知的公共健康风险，并受到美国环境保护局和州环境机构的监管。该项目的研究将集中在两种电化学方法上，以减轻卤素氧对水的污染。第一个是一种新的电化学系统，能够将卤氧化合物直接还原为相应的卤化物离子；第二个是研究独特的预防措施，以减少次氯酸盐生产过程中产生的氧卤化物。该项目的商业影响是，拟议的研究将提供新的水处理技术解决方案，增加获得高质量饮用水的机会。能够完全还原卤氧化合物的电化学装置将提供一种有效、经济的新技术，可用于从单个家庭到主要含水层补救项目的各种规模。同样，减少卤水电解过程中卤素的生产将有助于市政当局和工业用水生产商达到目前和计划中的饮用水标准，这些标准规定了饮用水中允许的氯酸盐和高氯酸盐的数量。这项研究开发的两项技术都将对公众健康产生广泛影响，因为它们为有毒卤素的暴露提供了技术障碍。

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project proposes to develop novel approaches to water treatment that cost-effectively remove inorganic disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in water. These DBPs, known as oxyhalides, are typically associated with standard water disinfection methods but can also be present in water as a result of industrial contamination. Oxyhalides present known public health risks and are targeted for regulation by the US Environmental Protection Agency as well as state environmental agencies. Research in this project will focus on two electrochemical methods that mitigate contamination of water with oxyhalides. The first is a novel electrochemical system capable of directly reducing oxyhalides to their corresponding halide ions while the second investigates unique preventative measures to minimize oxyhalide formation during hypochlorite production using on-site electrochemical generation systems.The commercial impacts of this project are that the proposed research will provide novel water treatment technology solutions that increase access to high quality potable water. An electrochemical device capable of complete reduction of oxyhalides will provide an effective, economical new technology that can be used on scales ranging from individual households to major aquifer remediation projects. Similarly, reduced production of oxyhalides during brine electrolysis processes will help municipalities and industrial water producers meet current and planned drinking water standards regulating the amounts of chlorate and perchlorate allowed in potable water. Both of the technologies developed as a result of this research will result in a broad impact on public health by providing technological barriers to the exposure of toxic oxyhalides.