Hydrogeochemical dynamics of natural carbon dioxide fields: Analogs for geological carbon storage and constraints on convective dissolution

天然二氧化碳的水文地球化学动力学

• 批准号: 1215853
• 负责人: Marc Hesse
• 金额: $ 47.15万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-15 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1215853&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hydrogeochemical; dynamics; natural; carbon; dioxide

Geological carbon dioxide storage can be used to reduce carbon dioxide emissions only if the carbon dioxide remains in deep geological formations for thousands of years. Unfortunately free-phase carbon dioxide in sedimentary basins is less dense than the formation water and therefore leakage of carbon dioxide from these storage reservoirs back to the surface is a major concern. Over time, however, carbon dioxide dissolves into formation waters and increases the water density. Dissolved carbon dioxide will then sink to deeper parts of the sedimentary basins and it is very unlikely to surface again. The faster carbon dioxide dissolves the sooner it is stored safely. This project will evaluate the dissolution of CO2 on two scales: (1) The geological and geochemical record of a large natural carbon dioxide reservoir called Bravo Dome in New Mexico will be used estimate how fast carbon dioxide has dissolved on the geologic timescale and how tight the natural CO2 trap has been; (2) This study will also build scaled laboratory models for the transport of the dissolved carbon dioxide that determine the overall rate of carbon dioxide dissolution. The spatial structure of the dissolved carbon dioxide currents will be imaged with x-ray tomography. The experiments will be used to calibrate a dynamic model that can then be used to model laboratory observations and to interpret the observed field data to constrain the dissolution and sequestration rates for CO2 over long time.This project brings together fluid mechanics, geology, and geochemistry and will provide a first estimate of carbon dioxide dissolution rates in the field, to inform the debate about the long-term safety of geological carbon dioxide storage. The experimental study will address several fundamental questions about the migration of solutes due to density differences that have implications for a broad set of questions for salt-water intrusion to geothermal energy. The models that will be developed will capture the essential physics of these processes. The development of such models is key to enable uncertainty quantification in geological CO2 storage.

只有当二氧化碳在深层地质构造中保留数千年，地质二氧化碳储存才能用于减少二氧化碳排放。不幸的是，沉积盆地中的自由相二氧化碳的密度低于地层水，因此二氧化碳从这些储层泄漏回地表是一个主要问题。然而，随着时间的推移，二氧化碳溶解到地层沃茨中并增加水的密度。溶解的二氧化碳将沉到沉积盆地的更深处，不太可能再次浮出水面。二氧化碳溶解得越快，就能越早安全地储存起来。该项目将在两个尺度上评估CO2的溶解：（1）将使用新墨西哥州一个名为Bravo Dome的大型天然二氧化碳储层的地质和地球化学记录来估计二氧化碳在地质时间尺度上溶解的速度以及天然CO2圈闭的紧密程度;（2）本研究还将建立用于确定二氧化碳溶解总体速率的溶解二氧化碳传输的比例实验室模型。溶解的二氧化碳流的空间结构将用X射线断层扫描成像。这些实验将用于校准动态模型，然后该模型可用于模拟实验室观测，并解释观测到的现场数据，以限制长期二氧化碳的溶解和封存速率。该项目将流体力学、地质学和地球化学结合在一起，并将提供现场二氧化碳溶解速率的初步估计，为二氧化碳地质储存的长期安全性辩论提供信息。实验研究将解决几个基本问题的溶质迁移，由于密度差异，具有广泛的一套问题的盐水入侵地热能的影响。 将要开发的模型将捕捉这些过程的基本物理过程。这种模型的开发是实现CO2地质封存不确定性量化的关键。

项目成果

Effect of Dispersion on Solutal Convection in Porous Media

• DOI: 10.1029/2018gl079849
• 发表时间: 2018-09
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Yuehua Liang;Baole Wen;M. Hesse;D. DiCarlo

Causes of underpressure in natural CO 2 reservoirs and implications for geological storage

天然CO 2 储层欠压的原因及其对地质封存的影响

• DOI: 10.1130/g38362.1
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Geology
• 影响因子: 5.8
• 作者: Akhbari, Daria;Hesse, Marc A.
• 通讯作者: Hesse, Marc A.

Noble gases preserve history of retentive continental crust in the Bravo Dome natural CO2 field, New Mexico

• DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.03.014
• 发表时间: 2016-06
• 期刊: Earth and Planetary Science Letters
• 影响因子: 5.3
• 作者: K. Sathaye;A. Smye;J. Jordan;M. Hesse