Neural control of speech generation in human motor cortex

人类运动皮层语音生成的神经控制

• 批准号: 10722067
• 负责人: DANIEL B RUBIN
• 金额: $ 19.66万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2028-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10722067
• 关键词: Algorithms; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Behavior; Brain Stem Infarctions; Brain region; Broca' s area; Caring; Characteristics; Chronic; Climacteric; Clinical Trials; Code; Communication; Communication impairment; Complex; Data; Development; Development Plans; Dimensions; Distress; Electrophysiology (science); Elements; Endowment; Engineering; Environment; Epilepsy; Evaluation; Eye; Gait; General Hospitals; Generations; Goals; Human; Individual; Inferior frontal gyrus; Intervention; Knowledge; Language; Life; Machine Learning; Massachusetts; Mentors; Mentorship; Microelectrodes; Motor; Motor Cortex; Movement; Muscular Dystrophies; Natural Language Processing; Nervous System Trauma; Neurologic; Neurologic Symptoms; Neurosciences; Operative Surgical Procedures; Output; Paralysed; Participant; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Persons; Physicians; Population Dynamics; Principal Component Analysis; Production; Quality of life; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Residual state; Resources; Self-Help Devices; Semantics; Signal Transduction; Speech; Stream; Stroke; Structure; System; Technology; Temporal Lobe; Time; Training; Translating; Work; association cortex; behavior influence; brain computer interface; career; career development; cognitive process; computational neuroscience; computerized tools; didactic education; disabling symptom; experience; flexibility; frontal lobe; functional restoration; gaze; grasp; improved; insight; motor control; nervous system disorder; neural; neural patterning; neurological recovery; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; neuroregulation; neurotechnology; neurotransmission; next generation; novel; operation; participant enrollment; patient oriented research; patient population; prospective; reduce symptoms; research and development; restoration; skills; tool

Project Summary/Abstract Dr. Rubin is a neurointensivist and computational neuroscientist working at Massachusetts General Hospital whose goal is to become an independent physician investigator with expertise in the development of novel neurotechnologies to improve the lives of people living with the symptoms of disabling neurologic disease and injury. His career development plan leverages the resources of a world-class training environment and brings together experts in neural decoding, systems and circuit neuroscience, and neural engineering in proposing a cutting-edge approach to the study of the neural basis of speech generation to enable the next generation of high-performance intracortical brain computer interfaces (iBCI) for communication. Under the mentorship of Drs. Leigh Hochberg and Sydney Cash and with the guidance of scientific advisors Drs. Emery Brown, Jaimie Henderson, and Kristina Simonyan, Dr. Rubin proposes to (1) determine the features of the neural code in motor cortex specific to the production of individual spoken words, (2) characterize the influence of semantic and non-semantic context on the neural representation of intended speech, and (3) identify the operations translating neural representations of language in association cortex into the patterns of neural activity in motor cortex that coordinate the production of speech. Each of these aims will require the development and application of novel computational tools, bringing together recent advancements in fields of single unit and circuit-level neurophysiology, systems and computational neuroscience, machine learning, and natural language processing. The overall goal of this project is to elucidate key features of the neurophysiologic basis of speech production to enable the development of near-fluent restoration of communication through the implementation of an iBCI able to decode in real time a user’s intended or attempted speech. In doing so, this work is poised to transform the lives of hundreds of thousands of people living deficits in communication due to neurologic injury or disease. By harnessing the state-of-the-art approaches in human intracranial recording developed by the BrainGate research consortium, and with his team of mentors and advisors with a diverse array of relevant expertise, this project will also generate new insights into the neurophysiologic basis of a uniquely human behavior, representing a potentially major neuroscientific advancement. In the long term, Dr. Rubin’s career goal is to develop novel neurotechnology aimed alleviating the symptoms of and augmenting recovery from neurologic disease. The proposed patient-oriented research project, in concert with world-class mentorship and a thoughtful structured didactic curriculum, will provide Dr. Rubin with the skills that are essential for him to develop an independent career in translational neurotechnology research.

项目总结/摘要 博士鲁宾是一名神经强化专家和计算神经科学家，在马萨诸塞州总医院工作 他的目标是成为一名独立的医生研究者，在开发新的 神经技术，以改善人们的生活与致残性神经疾病的症状， 损伤他的职业发展计划利用世界一流的培训环境资源， 神经解码、系统和电路神经科学以及神经工程方面的专家一起提出了一个 尖端的方法来研究语音生成的神经基础，使下一代的 用于通信的高性能皮层内脑计算机接口（iBCI）。 在Leigh Hochberg博士和Sydney Cash博士的指导下，并在科学顾问Dr. Emery Brown，Jaimie亨德森和Kristina Simonyan，鲁宾博士建议（1）确定 运动皮层中的神经代码，具体到单个口语单词的产生，（2）表征 语义和非语义语境对预期言语的神经表征的影响;（3）识别 将关联皮质中语言的神经表征翻译成神经模式的操作 协调语言产生的运动皮层活动。这些目标中的每一个都需要发展 和应用新的计算工具，汇集了最新的进展领域的单一单位， 电路级神经生理学、系统和计算神经科学、机器学习和自然语言 处理.这个项目的总体目标是阐明语音的神经生理学基础的关键特征 生产，以便通过实施 iBCI能够真实的实时解码用户的预期或尝试的语音。在这样做的时候，这项工作准备 改变成千上万因神经损伤而缺乏沟通的人的生活 或者疾病 通过利用BrainGate开发的人类颅内记录的最先进方法， 研究联盟，并与他的导师和顾问团队与各种相关的专业知识，这 该项目还将产生对独特的人类行为的神经生理学基础的新见解， 代表着一个潜在的重大神经科学进步。从长远来看，鲁宾博士的职业目标是 开发新的神经技术，旨在减轻神经系统疾病的症状并促进其恢复 疾病拟议的以病人为导向的研究项目，与世界一流的导师和周到的 结构化的教学课程，将提供鲁宾博士的技能，是必不可少的，他发展一个 在转化神经技术研究中的独立职业。