RAPID Twinning in Monogamous Owl Monkeys of the Argentinean Chaco: Developmental and Behavioral Consequences

阿根廷查科一夫一妻制猫头鹰猴的快速配对：发育和行为后果

• 批准号: 1219368
• 负责人: Eduardo Fernandez-Duque
• 金额: $ 1.18万
• 依托单位: University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-02-15 至 2013-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1219368&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Twinning; Monogamous; Owl; Monkeys

Few aspects of primate behavior are so intriguing, yet so poorly understood, as the intense care of infants by males. And nowhere among primates is paternal care more extensive than among owl monkeys. Owl monkeys are small, arboreal primates of Central and South America who live in groups with only one reproducing male and one reproducing female. In these monogamous groups, the father is the main provider of infant care, transporting, playing, sharing food and grooming the infant more than the mother. Since 1996, the Owl Monkey Project of Argentina has evaluated hypotheses on the evolution of social monogamy, infant care, and pair bonding in humans and non-human primates. Why do male owl monkeys mate in a monogamous relationship presumably foregoing other reproductive opportunities? Why do they provide so much infant care? The birth of two sets of twins for the first time in 15 years, offers the possibility of further evaluating the hypothesis that males' contribution to infant care reduces the mother's energetic costs. During a 6-month period, this study will characterize the development of the two set of twins and will describe the behavioral interactions between twins and parents, twins and siblings, and parents and older young. Results from this study will be used for comparison with similar data collected over the years in groups with singletons. The study will expand the broad impacts of the Owl Monkey Project. Being the only long-term program on any mammal species in the Argentinean Gran Chaco, the project has multiplying effects on the conservation of this ecosystem and its fauna. It also promotes the development of biological anthropology through the participation over the years of more than 200 students (52% females, 48% males) from the US (100 students), Argentina (120 students) and 14 other countries (30 students).

灵长类动物行为的几个方面如此有趣，但人们对它们的了解却如此之少，就像雄性对婴儿的悉心照料一样。在灵长类动物中，没有哪一种动物比枭猴更能体现出父爱。猫头鹰猴是中美洲和南美洲的小型树栖灵长类动物，它们群居，只有一只繁殖雄性和一只繁殖雌性。 在这些一夫一妻制的群体中，父亲是照顾婴儿的主要提供者，比母亲更多地运送、玩耍、分享食物和梳理婴儿。 自1996年以来，阿根廷的猫头鹰猴项目评估了人类和非人类灵长类动物社会一夫一妻制，婴儿护理和配对关系进化的假设。为什么雄性枭猴会选择一夫一妻制的伴侣关系而不考虑其他的繁殖机会呢？为什么他们提供这么多的婴儿护理？ 15年来第一次有两对双胞胎出生，这为进一步评估男性对婴儿护理的贡献减少了母亲的精力成本这一假设提供了可能性。 在6个月的时间里，这项研究将描述两组双胞胎的发展，并将描述双胞胎和父母，双胞胎和兄弟姐妹，父母和年长的年轻人之间的行为互动。本研究的结果将用于与多年来在单胎组中收集的类似数据进行比较。这项研究将扩大猫头鹰猴子项目的广泛影响。作为阿根廷大查科地区唯一一个针对哺乳动物物种的长期计划，该项目对该生态系统及其动物群的保护具有多重影响。 它还通过多年来来自美国（100名学生），阿根廷（120名学生）和其他14个国家（30名学生）的200多名学生（52%女性，48%男性）的参与促进了生物人类学的发展。