Conference: Plant Virology Satellite Symposium for 31st Annual Meeting of American Society of Virology, July 21-25, 2012 at the Monona Terrace Convention Center in Madison, WI

知识价值：本项目旨在帮助支持美国病毒学学会第31届年会上的植物病毒学卫星星期六研讨会，该会议将于2012年7月21日至25日在威斯康辛州麦迪逊市的Monona Terrace会议中心举行。该研讨会由植物病毒学俱乐部（PVC）赞助，该俱乐部是美国病毒学学会的一个组织，旨在支持年度会议上关注植物病毒的研究和演讲者。PVC每隔一年在ASV年会上主办一次为期一天的研讨会。今年的研讨会是由当选的植物病毒委员兼该项目的负责人安妮·西蒙博士组织的。西蒙博士在她的整个职业生涯中一直致力于将研究植物和动物病毒的研究人员聚集在一起，并使动物病毒研究人员更加了解使用植物病毒作为模型的令人兴奋的工作。大多数病毒学家在医学院接受研究生教育，而医学院几乎一致忽视了与植物病毒有关的研究。同样，大多数研究植物病毒的学生都是在植物病理学部门接受教育的，而这些部门同样很少花时间研究动物病毒。这种分离造成了在同一领域工作的动物病毒学家对目前利用植物病毒进行的研究的认识上的差距。缺乏认识降低了模式植物病毒工作的影响，也导致（美国国立卫生研究院和美国农业部）对使用模式植物病毒的研究失去支持。动植物病毒学家之间的“交流”水平低，也阻碍了病毒复制/基因表达、RNA结构/功能以及先天免疫等广泛领域的研究。根据宿主分离病毒对研究产生负面影响的最突出的例子是RNA沉默领域，在其迟来的在线虫中发现之前，RNA沉默被认为是一种针对植物病毒的保护机制。混合讨论动物和植物病毒的会议很少（例如，每三年召开一次的正链RNA病毒会议），即使在这些会议上，绝大多数的讨论仍然集中在动物病毒上。今年卫星研讨会的主题是：病毒复制和运动：在植物和动物病毒之间建立桥梁，这个想法来自于2011年11月一期的《病毒学最新观点》，由安妮·西蒙和格兰特·麦克法登编辑。这一期是围绕一系列与植物和动物病毒学家相关的主题设计的，每个主题都由动物和植物病毒学家涵盖。这些主题是：病毒复制；病毒的翻译;病毒的起源;细胞膜内病毒重组；以及病毒在细胞间的运动这些作者被选为各自领域的世界领袖，他们将同行章节的信息纳入他们的论文中，以更好地将交叉领域联系在一起。西蒙博士的想法是围绕这些主题组织一个新颖的植物病毒学研讨会，并邀请作者发言。所有的作者都热情地同意来展示他们目前的研究，并将这项研究置于动植物病毒研究的更广泛的学科中。这应该会扩大观众对研究领域的欣赏，而不管主持人是谁，并有望在广泛的病毒学领域内培养新的交流领域。更广泛的影响：从事植物/昆虫/真菌病毒研究的研究生/博士后将有资格获得这些nsf资助的奖项。这将确保受益的学生不从事人类健康/相关研究，这是不太适合国家科学基金会的支持。旅行奖将被分配到美国所有地区的实验室，优先考虑少数民族、妇女和残疾人的学生/博士后。我们还与爱思唯尔（Elsevier）合作，免费提供本次研讨会所依据的《病毒学最新观点》（Current Opinion in Virology），这将使与会者能够立即获得涵盖动植物病毒学的评论文章，从而进一步扩大教育机会。西蒙博士在她的职业生涯中一直倡导扩大我国病毒学家的教育，这次研讨会是这些努力的高潮。这些旅行奖将允许那些由于目前的资金环境而无法参加的学生，参与到这个令人兴奋的病毒学领域的交叉点。

Intellectual Merit: This project is to help support the Plant Virology Satellite Saturday Symposium at the 31st Annual Meeting of the American Society of Virology, which will take place from July 21-25, 2012 at the Monona Terrace Convention Center, Madison, Wisconsin. The Symposium is sponsored by the Plant Virology Club (PVC), an organization within the American Society of Virology that was initiated to support research and speakers at the annual meeting who focus on plant viruses. The PVC sponsors a one day Symposium every other year at the Annual Meeting of the ASV. The Symposium this year was organized by Dr. Anne Simon, the elected Plant Virus Councilor and the PI on this project. Dr. Simon has worked throughout her career to bring together researchers working on plant and animal viruses and to make animal virus researchers more aware of the exciting work that uses plant viruses as models. Most virologists receive their graduate education in Medical Schools, which nearly uniformly ignore research that pertains to plant viruses. Similarly, most students studying plant viruses are educated in plant pathology departments that likewise spend little time on animal viruses. This separation has created a gap in the appreciation of the research currently being conducted using plant viruses by animal virologists working in the same area. This lack of appreciation reduces the impact of the work on model plant viruses and also has resulted in the loss of support (from NIH and USDA) for research that uses model plant viruses. The low level of 'cross-talk' between animal and plant virologists has also retarded research in the broad areas of virus replication/gene expression and RNA structure/function as well as innate immunity. The most prominent example of the negative impact on research that accompanies segregation of viruses according to host is the field of RNA silencing, which was well known to exist as a protective mechanism against plant viruses before its belated discovery in nematodes. Conferences that intermix talks on animal and plant viruses are rare (e.g., the Plus-strand RNA Virus meetings every three years), and the vast majority of talks even at these meetings continue to focus on animal viruses. The idea for this year's Satellite Symposium, entitled: Virus Replication and Movement: Building Bridges Between Plant and Animal Viruses came from an issue of Current Opinion in Virology (Nov, 2011), which was edited by Anne Simon and Grant McFadden. This issue was designed around a series of topics that were relevant to both plant and animal virologists, with each topic covered by an animal and a plant virologist. These topics are: Virus replication; Virus translation; Virus origins; Virus reorganization of intracellular membranes; and Virus cell-to-cell movement. The authors, selected as being world leaders in their fields, incorporated information from their counterpart's chapter into their submission, to better tie together the intersecting fields. Dr. Simon's idea was to organize a novel Plant Virology Symposium around each of these topics and invite the authors to speak. All authors gave enthusiastic agreement to come and present their current research, and place this research within the broader disciplines of plant and animal virus research. This should result in a broadening of the appreciation of research fields regardless of the host by audience members and hopefully foster new areas of communication within the broad field of Virology.Broader Impacts: Graduate Students/Postdocs who work on plant/insect/fungal viruses will be eligible for these NSF-sponsored awards. This will assure that the students benefiting are not engaged in human health/related research, which is less appropriate for NSF support. Attention will be paid to distribution of the travel awards to labs in all regions of the US, and preference will be given to students/postdocs who are underrepresented minorities, women and persons with disabilities. We have also arranged with Elsevier to present free copies of the Current Opinion in Virology that this symposium is based on, which should allow participants to immediately access review articles that span animal and plant virology, thus further broadening the educational opportunity. Dr. Simon has spent her career advocating for the broadening of the education of virologists in this country and this symposium is the culmination of these efforts. These travel awards will allow students who might not have been able to attend for financial reasons due to the current funding climate, to participate in this exciting intersection among many fields of virology.