AGS-PRF: Improved Model Representations of Biomass Burning Organic Aerosol Formation for Prediction of its Impacts on Air Quality and Climate

AGS-PRF：生物质燃烧有机气溶胶形成的改进模型表示，用于预测其对空气质量和气候的影响

• 批准号: 1231128
• 负责人: Lindsay Hatch
• 金额: $ 17.2万
• 依托单位: Hatch Lindsay
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-10-01 至 2014-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1231128&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: AGS; PRF; Improved; Model; Representations

The aim of this research is to (1) leverage collaborative measurements of biomass burning (BB) emissions and chemistry to better understand the essential compounds and processes contributing to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in smoke plumes, and (2) develop an SOA model framework to improve predictions of organic aerosol formation and transport in fire-influenced regions. In this study, detailed chemical analyses of SOA precursors in fire emissions and their reaction products will be conducted at the US Forest Service Fire Science Laboratory using two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC/TOFMS) during the fourth Fire Lab at Missoula Experiment (FLAME-IV). GCxGC analyses, augmented by complementary gas- and particle-phase measurements from the FLAME-IV campaign, will be used to develop a process-level model describing SOA formation, including the contribution of components evaporating from primary particles during plume dilution. The SOA module will be subsequently integrated into a comprehensive smoke plume model that includes calculations of aerosol water uptake and optical properties, thereby allowing improved assessments of fire-induced radiative forcing, as well as predictions of BB pollutant formation and transport for assessment of air quality downwind of fires. The work will be conducted under the mentorship of Prof. Kelley Barsanti at Portland State University (PSU).Potential broader impacts of several kinds are associated with this research. The FLAME-IV campaign will bring together researchers and their associated instrumentation from ten other institutions, creating new partnerships and datasets that are complementary to the PSU analyses. The smoke plume SOA model framework can be adapted and integrated into publically-available models (e.g., EPA's Community Multiscale Air Quality model, CMAQ) for access by the broader scientific community and policymakers nationwide. For example, such enhancements of CMAQ for predictions of BB-SOA formation and transport may be used by municipalities throughout the U.S. to inform scheduling of prescribed burns to maintain compliance with national particulate matter standards or to provide air quality alerts during wildfire activity. The project will provide the principal investigator with career development training in addition to enhanced opportunities for networking and outreach (e.g., mentoring underrepresented high-school students as part of the Apprenticeships in Science and Engineering program at PSU). Under the Center for Climate and Aerosol Research (CCAR) at PSU, additional opportunities exist for direct involvement in community engagement by assisting in the coordination of climate-related seminars accessible to the public and participating in K-12 classroom visits. These various outreach activities will provide important avenues for enhancing atmospheric science education and facilitating integration of research and education.

本研究的目的是（1）利用生物质燃烧（BB）排放和化学的合作测量，以更好地了解烟羽中二次有机气溶胶（SOA）的基本化合物和过程，（2）开发SOA模型框架，以改善火灾影响地区有机气溶胶形成和传输的预测。在这项研究中，详细的化学分析SOA前体火灾排放物及其反应产物将在美国林务局火灾科学实验室使用二维气相色谱/飞行时间质谱（GCxGC/TOFMS）在第四次火灾实验室在米苏拉实验（FLAME-IV）。GCxGC分析，从火焰-IV运动的补充气体和颗粒相测量增强，将被用来开发一个过程级模型描述SOA的形成，包括羽流稀释过程中从初级颗粒蒸发的成分的贡献。随后将把SOA模块纳入一个综合烟羽模型，其中包括计算气溶胶水吸收和光学特性，从而改进对火灾引起的辐射强迫的评估，以及对BB污染物形成和运输的预测，以评估火灾顺风的空气质量。这项工作将在波特兰州立大学（PSU）的Kelley Barsanti教授的指导下进行。FLAME-IV活动将汇集来自其他十个机构的研究人员及其相关仪器，建立新的伙伴关系和数据集，以补充PSU的分析。烟羽SOA模型框架可以被调整并集成到公共可用的模型（例如，EPA的社区多尺度空气质量模型（CMAQ），供全国范围内更广泛的科学界和政策制定者使用。例如，用于预测BB-SOA形成和传输的CMAQ的这种增强可以被美国各地的市政当局用来通知规定燃烧的调度，以保持符合国家颗粒物标准或在野火活动期间提供空气质量警报。该项目将为主要调查员提供职业发展培训，并增加建立联系和外联的机会（例如，指导代表性不足的高中学生作为在PSU的科学和工程项目学徒的一部分）。根据气候和气溶胶研究中心（CCAR）在PSU，通过协助协调与气候相关的研讨会向公众开放，并参加K-12课堂参观，直接参与社区参与的额外机会。这些各种外联活动将为加强大气科学教育和促进研究与教育的结合提供重要途径。