Collaborative Research: IODP Expedition 336 Objective Research: The deep biosphere of young and oxic oceanic crust

合作研究：IODP Expedition 336 目标研究：年轻含氧洋壳的深层生物圈

• 批准号: 1233226
• 负责人: Beth Orcutt
• 金额: $ 15.46万
• 依托单位: Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-15 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1233226&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; IODP; Expedition; 336

The proposal addresses a fundamental aim of the ocean drilling program, namely to help characterize one of the largest and least studied ecosystems on Earth, the deep biosphere of the igneous crust buried below the ocean floor. The principal scientific objective of IODP expedition 336 is, in particular, to investigate the microbial population in basaltic crust from the North Pond area near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The study samples are weathered and porous basalts taken from beneath ~100 m of sediment in the North Pond area. The study proposes to determine both the diversity of the microbe population (using DNA) and its metabolic activity (using RNA). The PI?s will investigate the relationship between microbes in the basement and those in the water column and determine which metabolic pathways are used by the deep basement microbes. The study will also provide baseline data for the long-term biological observatories installed in the sub-seafloor basement during expedition 336. Understanding deep biosphere life is a major thrust of the new IODP science plan and has implications for understanding the limits of life. The NSF-funded C-DEBI (Center for Dark Energy Biosphere Investigations) program and Deep Earth Academy promote K-12 education and communicate the results of deep biosphere studies to broad technical and popular audience. An undergraduate student will be involved in the research.

该提案解决了海洋钻探计划的一个基本目标，即帮助描述地球上最大且研究最少的生态系统之一，即埋在海底下方的火成岩地壳的深层生物圈。 IODP 336 号探险队的主要科学目标是调查大西洋中脊附近北池地区玄武岩地壳中的微生物种群。研究样本是从北池地区约 100 米沉积物下方采集的风化多孔玄武岩。该研究计划确定微生物种群的多样性（使用 DNA）及其代谢活动（使用 RNA）。 PI 将研究地下室微生物与水体微生物之间的关系，并确定深层地下室微生物使用哪些代谢途径。该研究还将为第336次探险期间安装在海底地下室的长期生物观测站提供基线数据。了解深层生物圈生命是新的IODP科学计划的主要推动力，对于了解生命的极限具有重要意义。 NSF 资助的 C-DEBI（暗能量生物圈调查中心）计划和深地地球学院促进 K-12 教育，并向广大技术和大众受众传播深部生物圈研究的结果。一名本科生将参与这项研究。