Quantifying the Photochemical Reactivity of Deep Ocean Water

量化深海水的光化学反应性

• 批准号: 1234388
• 负责人: Patricia Medeiros
• 金额: $ 39.89万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-15 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1234388&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Quantifying; Photochemical; Reactivity; Deep; Ocean

Because 70% of marine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is found in the deep ocean, it is important to determine its sources and sinks to understand its role in the global carbon cycle. Unfortunately, the sinks for DOC at depth remain largely unknown; however, limited data has suggested that photochemistry may influence the removal of deep refractory DOC. A scientist from the University of Georgia will use field and laboratory irradiation experiments to quantify the photochemical rates controlling (1) direct loss of DOC and photoproduction of carbon monoxide, a significant product resulting from DOC oxidation, (2) common optical tracers of organic carbon such as colored dissolved organic matter and fluorescent dissolved organic matter fading; and (3) two reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide and superoxide) that reflect the role of oxygen in DOC photochemistry. The study will focus on the north Pacific, where the lowest deep ocean DOC concentrations are found which most likely reflect the presence of an aged and refractory carbon pool. Layered in the top 1000m above this deep DOC is a concentration gradient that will allow comparison of waters with different DOC concentrations, ages and apparent refractivity. Results from the study will be used to quantitatively reevaluate this basic question that now constrains global DOC models: Does photochemistry have a significant role in the removal of the massive amount of refractory DOC that is pooled in the deep sea? In terms of the broader impacts, based on established links with K-12 teachers, the scientist and his students plan visits to local schools to present their science, as well as have a website entitled "ask the oceanographer" and maintain a live blog during their cruise. Results from this study will be included into class materials dealing with the carbon cycle. One graduate and three undergraduate students would be supported and trained as part of this project. It is anticipated that undergraduate students from historically underrepresented groups would be recruited via the University of Georgia's Summer Undergraduate Research Program.

由于海洋溶解有机碳（DOC）的70%存在于深海中，因此确定其源和汇以了解其在全球碳循环中的作用非常重要。 不幸的是，在深度的DOC的汇仍然在很大程度上是未知的，但是，有限的数据表明，光化学可能会影响深层难降解DOC的去除。 来自格鲁吉亚大学的一位科学家将利用现场和实验室辐照实验来量化控制（1）DOC的直接损失和一氧化碳的光生的光化学速率，一氧化碳是DOC氧化产生的重要产物，（2）有机碳的常见光学示踪剂，如有色溶解有机物和荧光溶解有机物褪色;（3）反映氧在DOC光化学中作用的两种活性氧（过氧化氢和超氧化物）。 这项研究将集中在北太平洋，那里的深海DOC浓度最低，这很可能反映了一个老化和耐火碳池的存在。在这一深层DOC上方1000米的顶部分层是一个浓度梯度，它将允许比较具有不同DOC浓度、年龄和表观生物活性的沃茨。 研究结果将被用来定量重新评估这个基本问题，现在限制全球DOC模型：光化学是否有一个重要的作用，在清除大量的难降解DOC是汇集在深海？在更广泛的影响方面，根据与K-12教师建立的联系，这位科学家和他的学生计划访问当地学校，介绍他们的科学，并有一个名为“问海洋学家”的网站，并在他们的巡航期间保持一个实时博客。 这项研究的结果将被纳入处理碳循环的课程材料。 作为该项目的一部分，将支助和培训一名研究生和三名本科生。 预计将通过格鲁吉亚大学的夏季本科生研究计划招募来自历史上代表性不足群体的本科生。