Large Scale Dynamics and Statistics of California Extreme Weather in the Atmosphere and in Global Models

该项目将重点关注影响加州中央谷的两种极端天气事件，即极端炎热和冷空气爆发。 这两种极端天气事件都与大气中非常突出和非常重要的天气变量模式有关。该项目将对极端天气事件进行诊断分析。诊断工具还将用于若干气候模型对历史气候的模拟，以评估这些模型模拟大尺度气象模式的效果，并评价每个模型捕捉创建大尺度气象模式所需动态的效果。未来气候的模拟将被分析和重新校准，基于每个模型在模拟历史气候中的表现，以估计每个极端天气事件的属性在未来可能会如何变化极端天气事件对农业界，公用事业及其相关的监管机构，以及公众都有很大的兴趣。这项工作的成果将通过农业推广服务和各种农业期刊传达给农民。研究结果还将与加州能源委员会和环境导师分会分享，环境导师分会是一个国家计划，旨在让代表性不足的年轻人参与环境研究。因此，该项目的广泛影响是巨大的。

This project will focus on two types of extreme weather events that affect the California Central Valley, viz extreme hot spells, and cold air outbreaks. Both these extreme weather events is associated with very prominent and highly significant patterns of weather variables in the atmosphere. This project will undertake diagnostic analysis of extreme weather events. The diagnostic tools will also be applied to simulations of historical climate by several climate models to assess how well those models simulate large-scale meteorological patterns and evaluate how well each model captures the dynamics needed to create the large-scale meteorological patterns. Simulations of future climate will be analyzed and recalibrated, based on the performance of each model in simulating historical climate, so as to estimate how the properties of each extreme weather event might change in the future Extreme weather events are of great interest to the agricultural community, to public utilities and their associated regulatory agencies, and to the public in general. Results from this work will be communicated to farmers through the agricultural extension service and various agricultural periodicals. Results will also be shared with the California Energy Commission and with the EnvironMentors chapter, a national program to involve and excite underrepresented youth in environmental studies. Thus the broader impacts of this project are substantial.