CPS: Synergy: Software Defined Buildings

这个信息物理系统项目为高效、敏捷、模型驱动、以人为中心的建筑系统设计和评估一个基础信息基质。方法是开发软件定义的建筑，打破现有的烟囱式架构，大大减少增加新功能和应用程序的工作量。叉车升级吗?将通信和控制能力扩展到单个独立建筑之外，使建筑群能够协同工作，并与电网合作。我们研究这样的软件定义建筑如何建立在一个灵活的，多服务和开放的建筑集成操作系统（BIOS）上，允许应用程序在安全的沙盒环境中可靠地运行。它支持传感器和执行器访问、访问管理、元数据、归档和发现，以及多个同时执行的程序。建筑运营商保留监督管理，控制应用程序分离物理上（访问不同的控制），时间上（在不同时间更改控制），信息上（哪些信息离开建筑物）和逻辑上（哪些操作或顺序是允许的）。我们在大学、住宅建筑和密切相关的工业过程中构建、部署和演示原型BIOS的功能。使建筑更高效，同时保持居住者舒适、高效和健康，对我们的经济和健康至关重要。将建筑物转变为灵活的、以人为中心的网络物理系统，消除了浪费，同时使它们成为电网上具有零排放可再生供应的主动资源。通过从相同的物理工厂中提供更大的价值，SDB方法可以超越建造成本和运营成本指标，以获得更广泛的投资回报，从而实现新的可扩展的、面向未来的？技术。

This Cyber-Physical Systems project designs and evaluates a foundational information substrate for efficient, agile, model-driven, human-centered building systems. The approach is to develop software-defined buildings, to shatter existing stovepipe architectures, dramatically reduce the effort to add new functions and applications without ?forklift upgrades,? and expand communications and control capabilities beyond a single stand-alone building to enable groups of buildings to behave cooperatively and in cooperation with the energy grid. We investigate how such Software-Defined Buildings can be founded on a flexible, multi-service and open Building Integrated Operating System (BIOS) that allows applications to run reliably in safe, sandboxed environments. It supports sensor and actuator access, access management, metadata, archiving, and discovery, as well as multiple simultaneously executing programs. Building operators retain supervisory management, controlling application separation physically (access different controls), temporally (change controls at different times), informationally (what information leaves the building), and logically (what actions or sequences thereof are allowable). We construct, deploy, and demonstrate the capabilities of a prototype BIOS in the context of university, residential buildings and closely related industrial processes.Making buildings more efficient, while keeping occupants comfortable, productive, and healthy, is critical to our economy and health. Transforming buildings into agile, human centered cyber-physical systems eliminates waste, while allowing them to be a proactive resource on the electric grid with zero emission renewable supplies. And by providing greater value from the same physical plant, the SDB approach can move beyond cost-to-build and cost-to-operate metrics to broader return-on-investment for new extendable ?future-proof? technologies.