EAGER: Dispersal links local and regional scales: consequences of local conditions for dispersal behavior

EAGER：扩散将地方和区域尺度联系起来：当地条件对扩散行为的影响

• 批准号: 1245415
• 负责人: Shannon McCauley
• 金额: $ 14.99万
• 依托单位: California Polytechnic State University Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-01 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1245415&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Dispersal; links; local; regional

The ability of organisms to adjust to shifting environmental conditions through dispersal is often cited as a general mechanism through which species may cope with climate change. However, the ability of organisms to disperse is itself influenced by environmental change. This EAGER project will explore how temperature, organism development, body size, and dispersal interact to determine the ability of organisms to respond to environmental change by moving into newly-suitable areas. The temperatures experienced by an organism during its development can affect the traits possessed by the adult animal, including overall body size and the relative sizes of different parts of the body. For many animals, particularly insects, warmer rearing conditions result in animals that develop more quickly and are smaller as adults. Since smaller animals often have more restricted movement abilities, climate warming itself may negatively influence the movement ability of organisms and increase their extinction risk more than anticipated from models that use the current dispersal rates to project future range shifts. This project will use dragonflies as a case study of the effects of environmental temperature on growth and later dispersal performance. The rearing temperatures for dragonflies will be manipulated and the effect on adult wing shape and adult body size documented, both of which are critical for movement. Dragonfly movements though the landscape will be measured to quantify how the temperature conditions under which they were reared affect adult dispersal. Quantifying the link from organism development to dispersal in response to climate warming is challenging; however, the potential to provide general insights into how a warming climate will affect species persistence justifies this as an EAGER award.The project will involve a number of undergraduate students as critical members of the research team, including students from groups traditionally underrepresented in STEM. Students will receive research training and mentoring that will enhance their educational and employment prospects in science careers. This project will also enhance a partnership with the Bohart Entomology Museum in Davis, California to develop outreach materials on dragonfly ecology that can be used by local school teachers to spark student interest in science.

生物通过扩散适应不断变化的环境条件的能力经常被认为是物种应对气候变化的一般机制。然而，生物体的分散能力本身就受到环境变化的影响。这个迫切的项目将探索温度、生物体发育、身体大小和扩散如何相互作用，以确定生物体通过进入新的适宜区域来响应环境变化的能力。生物体在发育过程中所经历的温度会影响成年动物所具有的特征，包括整体体型和身体不同部位的相对大小。对于许多动物，特别是昆虫，温暖的饲养条件导致动物在成年后发育更快，体型更小。由于小型动物的活动能力往往受到更多限制，气候变暖本身可能会对生物体的活动能力产生负面影响，并增加它们的灭绝风险，这一点超出了使用当前扩散速度预测未来范围转移的模型的预期。该项目将以蜻蜓为例，研究环境温度对其生长和后来的扩散性能的影响。将操纵蜻蜓的饲养温度，并记录对成年翅膀形状和成年身体大小的影响，这两项对运动都至关重要。不过，将对蜻蜓的活动进行测量，以量化它们生长的温度条件对成虫扩散的影响。量化从生物体发育到物种扩散对气候变暖的反应是具有挑战性的；然而，提供气候变暖将如何影响物种持久性的一般性见解的可能性证明这是一项迫切的奖励。该项目将包括一些本科生作为研究团队的关键成员，包括来自传统上在STEM中代表性较低的群体的学生。学生将接受研究、培训和指导，这将增加他们在科学职业生涯中的教育和就业前景。该项目还将加强与加利福尼亚州戴维斯的Bohart昆虫学博物馆的合作，开发关于蜻蜓生态的外展材料，供当地学校教师用来激发学生对科学的兴趣。