EAR-PF: Dynamic Rupture Modeling on Major San Andreas Fault Intersections

EAR-PF：主要圣安地列斯断层交叉点的动态破裂建模

• 批准号: 1250143
• 负责人: Julian Lozos
• 金额: $ 8.5万
• 依托单位: Lozos, Julian C
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-03-01 至 2016-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1250143&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAR; PF; Dynamic; Rupture; Modeling

Dr. Julian C. Lozos has been granted a NSF Earth Sciences Postdoctoral Fellowship to carry out a research and outreach plan at Stanford University and the USGS Menlo Park campus. This project aims to improve our understanding of the physical processes that determine how seismic rupture negotiates a junction between major faults, and by extension, our understanding of fault segmentation. Dr. Lozos will conduct dynamic rupture models to produce a suite of scenario earthquakes for the junctions between the San Andreas Fault and three other faults: the San Jacinto Fault, the Garlock Fault, and the Calaveras Fault respectively. Each of these junctions represents different types of geometrical, geological, and stress complexity, and each poses a significant seismic hazard to its surrounding area. Thus, the focus on the San Andreas system will improve understanding of general fault physics, as well as of seismic hazard in California. Previous studies have focused on these faults individually, or on generalizations and simplifications of the types of geometries represented by these junctions. This study will consist of more realistic and detailed modeling of the study areas, by incorporating many types of complexity into the model inputs. Complex fault geometry, velocity structure, and initial stresses will be informed by fault geology and seismicity literature, as well as by static stress modeling. Once the scenario modeling is completed, Dr. Lozos will compare the results to paleoseismic and historical data, both to constrain the modeling results against known past fault behavior, and to provide insight into the sizes and extents of earthquakes at these fault junctions in the past. Many people live in the vicinity of the study areas, and thus, this project includes an education and outreach program focused on informing the public of the basic science of earthquakes, the related hazard, and on how to prepare for them. Dr. Lozos will give a series of public talks in communities near his study areas. Through Stanford, he will help lead field trips for K-12 students to local fault zones, and through the USGS, he will participate in additional public outreach events. In addition to public outreach, Dr. Lozos will also assist in developing a graduate-level course on fault physics at Stanford, which will help prepare him for a future career in academia.

朱利安·C博士Lozos已获得NSF地球科学博士后奖学金，在斯坦福大学和USGS门洛帕克校区开展研究和推广计划。该项目旨在提高我们对决定地震破裂如何通过主要断层之间接合点的物理过程的理解，并推而广之，提高我们对断层分段的理解。Lozos博士将进行动态破裂模型，为圣安德烈亚斯断层和其他三个断层（分别为圣哈辛托断层、加洛克断层和卡拉维拉斯断层）之间的交界处产生一套地震情景。这些接合点中的每一个都代表了不同类型的几何、地质和应力复杂性，并且每一个都对其周围地区构成了重大的地震危险。因此，对圣安德烈亚斯系统的关注将提高对一般断层物理学的理解，以及对加州地震危险性的理解。以前的研究集中在这些故障单独，或概括和简化的几何形状所代表的这些路口的类型。这项研究将包括更现实和详细的研究领域的建模，通过将许多类型的复杂性纳入模型输入。复杂的断层几何形状、速度结构和初始应力将通过断层地质学和地震活动性文献以及静态应力建模来了解。一旦场景建模完成，Lozos博士将把结果与古地震和历史数据进行比较，既要根据已知的过去断层行为来约束建模结果，又要提供对过去这些断层交界处地震规模和程度的洞察。 许多人居住在研究区域附近，因此，该项目包括一个教育和推广计划，重点是向公众介绍地震的基本科学，相关的危害以及如何做好准备。Lozos博士将在他研究地区附近的社区举行一系列公开讲座。通过斯坦福大学，他将帮助带领K-12学生实地考察当地的断层带，并通过美国地质勘探局，他将参加额外的公共宣传活动。除了公共宣传外，Lozos博士还将协助在斯坦福大学开发一门关于断层物理学的研究生课程，这将有助于他为未来的学术生涯做好准备。