Rethinking earliest Celtic gold - Economic, social and technological perspectives in the West Hallstatt Culture

该项目的目的是通过研究黄金制品的生产和消费，促进对西哈尔施塔特文化（公元前8 -5世纪）的经济、社会和技术发展的理解。这种早期铁器时代的文化，主要与德国西南部和法国东部接壤，但在瑞士和奥地利也有代表，其特点是坚固的定居点和丰富的精英墓葬丘，其中存放了黄金物品。我们打算研究社会动态和等级制度，结合霍尔施塔特时期的工艺专业化，主要研究来自墓地的威望物品。精美的金属作品特别适合展示传统和本地创新，以及外国影响和工艺美术交流网络。该项目的优势在于德国和法国科学家的国际合作，以及他们在考古学、考古测量学、技术和实验考古学方面的跨学科卓越表现。它还基于新的实验室设备，允许创新的高精度观测。我们打算第一次考虑到早期铁器时代黄金的各个方面：从原材料，涵盖到人工制品的转化，它们的利用和分布，直到最后的沉积，最后的考古发现。跨学科的方法论整合了文化背景、形态和功能的研究。将结合几种方法，如材料特征的考古学，制造过程重建的技术和考古解释历史的认识论。这些观察结果将被整合到更广泛的社会经济和技术背景中，以揭示与霍尔施塔特时期社会经济组织有关的奢侈品的风格传统和技术的变化。

The aim of the project is to contribute to the understanding of the economic, social and technological development of the West Hallstatt Culture (8th -5th centuries BC) through the study of the production and consumption of gold objects. This culture of the Early Iron Age, cross-bordering mainly southwest Germany and eastern France, but also represented in Switzerland and Austria, Is characterized by fortified settlements and rich elite burial mounds in which the gold items are deposited. We intend to study the social dynamics and hierarchies, combined with craft specialization during the Hallstatt period by mainly investigating prestige objects from burial sites. Fine metal work is especially suitable to reveal traditions and local innovations as well as foreign influences and exchange networks in arts and crafts. The strength of the project is in the international collaboration of German and French scientists and in their Interdisciplinary excellence in archaeology, archaeometry, technology and experimental archaeology. It is also based on new laboratory equipment allowing innovative high precision observations. We intend to take into account all aspects of Early Iron Age gold for the first time: from the raw material, covering the transformation Into artefacts, their utilization and distribution, until to the final deposition and finally the archaeological discovery. The interdisciplinary methodology integrates the study of the cultural context, morphology and function. Several approaches will be combined, such as archaeometry for the characterisation of the materials, technology for the reconstruction of manufacturing processes and epistemology for the history of archaeological interpretation. These observations will be integrated into a wider socio-economic and technological context in order to enlight changes in stylistic traditions and technologies of luxury objects in relation to the socio-economic organization of the Hallstatt period.