CAREER: A Comprehensive Investigation into Cloud-Aerosol Interactions Using Satellite, Aircraft and Model Data

这个CAREER项目将云物理、气溶胶科学和气候变化领域的最新研究与新的教学工具、社区教育和推广以及气象本科和研究生教育的改进相结合。由于对气溶胶对云和降水的影响（通过云改造）认识不足，在气溶胶的总体气候影响的量化方面存在很大的不确定性，并导致对全球气候模式的预测不准确。这些需要将通过三个创新的研究主题来分析气溶胶与云的相互作用来解决：(i)利用A-Train卫星数据集通过直接、间接和半直接影响对气溶胶对云和降水的影响进行遥感研究；（ii）对混合过程进行观测研究，并根据云的大小、寿命和气溶胶类型及地面特征研究气溶胶与云的相互作用；（iii）利用A-Train卫星观测资料对云-气溶胶相互作用进行模式评估，以确定观测资料与全球气候模式之间的不一致之处，指导未来全球气候模式的发展和改进。通过使用三种截然不同的数据类型，该项目允许在各种空间（单个云到全球尺度）和时间尺度（云中微秒到年均值）上分析气溶胶与云的相互作用。本研究使用的各种平台也将为研究生研究人员提供非常广泛的背景和多样化的技能。上述研究与本项目的教育目标密切相关。对云、气溶胶和气候的最新研究将被纳入本科课程，以提高对“热门”媒体话题的整体科学素养。采用小组课堂活动，利用多媒体教学技术（例如YouTube和Podcasts），鼓励学生在课程材料中找出“现实世界”当前天气事件与气候问题之间的联系。此外，一个创新的本科生研究生指导计划将指导本科生，同时在研究生开始上述研究时培养他们的监督和指导技能。该研究项目还将促进夏威夷大学和美国宇航局喷气推进实验室之间的合作，为研究生和本科生提供实习机会，并与知名研究机构的精英科学家一起工作。为了广泛地影响社区，PI将在夏威夷组织一年一度的“拓展你的视野”（EYH）会议（该州的第一次）。PI将招募夏威夷当地的女科学家和行业领袖，目标是教育和吸引年轻女性进入STEM领域。作为EYH会议的一部分，PI将赞助实践研讨会，使用通过所述研究工作收集的数据。

This CAREER project merges state-of-the art research in the fields of cloud physics, aerosol science and climate change with novel instructional tools, community education and outreach, and improvement of undergraduate and graduate education initiatives in meteorology. Insufficient knowledge of aerosol effects on clouds and precipitation (via cloud modification) causes a large uncertainty in quantification of the overall climatic effects of aerosols and results in poor predictions on global climate models. These needs will be addressed through the analysis of aerosol-cloud interactions via three innovative research themes: (i) Remote sensing studies on the impact of aerosols on clouds and precipitation via the direct, indirect and semi-direct effects using A-Train Satellite data sets; (ii) Observational studies on mixing processes with investigations into aerosol-cloud interactions based on cloud size, lifetime and aerosol type and surface characteristics; and (iii) Model Evaluation of cloud-aerosol interactions using collocated A-Train Satellite observations to identify inconsistencies between observations and global climate models to guide future development and improvement in global climate models.By utilizing three distinctly different data types this project allows for the analysis of aerosol-cloud interactions on a variety of spatial (individual clouds to global scale) and temporal scales (micro-seconds in cloud to yearly means). The variety of platforms used for this study will also provide graduate student researchers with an exceptionally broad background and varied skill set.The research described above is closely intertwined with the education goals of this project. State-of-the-art research on clouds, aerosols and climate will be integrated into undergraduate courses to increase the overall scientific literacy of a "hot" media topic. The adoption of group class activities utilizing multi-media teaching techniques (i.e. YouTube and Podcasts) will encourage students to identify connections between the "real world" current weather events and climate issues with course material. Additionally, an innovative undergraduate-graduate student mentoring program will guide undergraduates while simultaneously developing supervising and mentoring skills in graduate students as they embark on the research outlined above. The research program will also foster collaborations between the University of Hawaii and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory by providing graduate and undergraduate students the opportunity to intern and work with elite scientists at a renowned research facility. To broadly impact the community the PI will organize an annual Expanding Your Horizon (EYH) conference in Hawaii (the first for that state). The PI will recruit local Hawaiian women scientists and industry leaders with the goal of educating and attracting young women to the STEM fields. As part of the EYH conference the PI will sponsor hands-on workshops using data collected through the described research efforts.