Hemolymph Circulation in Mosquitoes

蚊子的血淋巴循环

• 批准号: 1257936
• 负责人: Julian Hillyer
• 金额: $ 35.99万
• 依托单位: Vanderbilt University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-03-01 至 2017-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1257936&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hemolymph; Circulation; Mosquitoes

Insects employ an open circulatory system for the transport of nutrients, wastes, and signaling molecules throughout the body. The insect circulatory system also functions in thermoregulation, promoting respiration, and the circulation of immune factors that survey tissues for foreign invaders. The insect circulatory system consists of hemolymph (blood), an open body cavity called the hemocoel, and a series of pumps, with the primary pump being a muscular dorsal vessel that is divided into a thoracic aorta and an abdominal heart. While some recent work has focused on the physiology of the insect heart, little is known about hemolymph flow. Thus, the goal of this research is to characterize the mechanics of hemolymph circulation throughout the mosquito hemocoel. Objective 1 will employ novel fluorescence-based intravital imaging methods to qualitatively and quantitatively map hemolymph circulation in all regions of this insect. Objective 2 will assess the role accessory pulsatile organs play in hemolymph propulsion. Objective 3 will determine how heart rhythms and hemolymph currents change under various physiological conditions. Finally, objective 4 will test how mosquito infection affects circulatory physiology. The research will make critical contributions to the field of insect circulatory physiology and will create the first quantitative map of hemolymph circulation in any insect. Furthermore, this research will be carried out in mosquitoes, a socially and ecologically important insect group because of their role as pests and pathogen transmitters. Because hemolymph circulation affects the dissemination of insecticides throughout the mosquito body, as well as the obligate migration of pathogens prior to their transmission, a better understanding of hemolymph circulation could contribute to the development of novel pest and disease control strategies. In addition to its scientific merit, this project will result in the training of graduate and undergraduate students in biological research.

昆虫利用开放式循环系统在全身运输营养物质、废物和信号分子。 昆虫循环系统还具有体温调节、促进呼吸以及检查组织是否有外来入侵者的免疫因子循环的功能。 昆虫循环系统由血淋巴（血液）、称为血腔的开放体腔和一系列泵组成，主泵是肌肉背血管，分为胸主动脉和腹心脏。 虽然最近的一些工作集中在昆虫心脏的生理学上，但对血淋巴流动知之甚少。 因此，这项研究的目标是表征整个蚊子血腔的血淋巴循环机制。 目标 1 将采用基于荧光的新型活体成像方法来定性和定量绘制该昆虫所有区域的血淋巴循环图。 目标 2 将评估辅助脉动器官在血淋巴推进中的作用。 目标 3 将确定心律和血淋巴电流在各种生理条件下如何变化。 最后，目标 4 将测试蚊子感染如何影响循环生理机能。 该研究将为昆虫循环生理学领域做出重要贡献，并将创建第一个昆虫血淋巴循环的定量图。 此外，这项研究将在蚊子身上进行，蚊子是一种对社会和生态都很重要的昆虫群，因为它们是害虫和病原体传播者。 由于血淋巴循环影响杀虫剂在整个蚊子体内的传播，以及病原体在传播之前的必然迁移，因此更好地了解血淋巴循环可能有助于开发新型病虫害控制策略。 除了其科学价值外，该项目还将对研究生和本科生进行生物学研究方面的培训。