Collaborative Research: The Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study: Sustained Biogeochemical, Ecosystem, and Ocean Change Observations and Linkages in the Subtropical North Atlantic.

合作研究：百慕大大西洋时间序列研究：北大西洋副热带地区持续的生物地球化学、生态系统和海洋变化观测及联系。

• 批准号: 1258836
• 负责人: Michael Lomas
• 金额: $ 60.35万
• 依托单位: Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1258836&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Bermuda; Atlantic; Time

Long-term time series are a powerful tool for investigating ocean physics and biogeochemistry, its effects on the global carbon cycle, and its response to climate change. In particular, the research goals of the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) program at the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS) have been, and continue to be, improving our understanding of the time-varying components of the ocean carbon cycle, related biogenic elements of interest (e.g., nitrogen, phosphorus, silica), and identifying the relevant physical, chemical and ecosystem properties responsible for this variability. The existing 24 years of data from BATS provide robust constraints on seasonal and year-over-year variability, the response of the Sargasso Sea ecosystem to natural climate variability and detection of potential climate change signals. Multi-decadal observations at BATS also provide critically needed rates of change in the ocean carbon cycle, CO2 sinks-sources in the North Atlantic and the longest global record of ocean acidification. Throughout its twenty-five years of operation, the objectives of BATS have been: (1) to document the temporal variability in nutrient cycles and biological communities; (2) to quantify the role of ocean-atmosphere coupling and climate forcing on air-sea exchange of CO2, and carbon export to the ocean interior; (3) to study the role of physical forcing (e.g., surface fluxes of heat, freshwater and momentum) on planktonic community structure and function, including new and export productivity; (4) to study the role of climate-induced variability in surface fluxes on planktonic community structure and function, and (5) to provide for development/validation of new oceanographic tools and technologies. This renewal award to BIOS and the Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences will provide funding to continue the BATS program through years 26-30. While continuing the core goals, the research team will address several new long-term questions that have developed from the previous BATS data. These questions are related to the: (1) impact of eddies on interannual variability in winter mixing; (2) detection of climate change signals in surface and deep waters of the Sargasso; (3) impact of ocean acidification on primary production, partitioning of freshly produced organic carbon between dissolved and particulate phases and remineralization of sedimenting carbon; (4) coupling of particulate and dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus cycles, controlling mechanisms and their relationships to the canonical Redfield Ratio, and; (5) reconciliation of integrative geochemical estimates of carbon export and the variety of observational records of carbon export. Broader Impacts: The BATS program has strong and diverse broader impacts, contributing to the field of ocean sciences by providing high quality ocean observations and data for empiricists and modelers, and a framework from which researchers can conceive and test hypotheses. Indeed, a number of focused process-oriented research programs (e.g., EDDIES, TROPHIC BATS) have spun off from hypotheses arising from BATS data. BATS and these related programs continue to generate a large number of well-cited publications that make important contributions to the field and advance our understanding of the oceans. PIs of the BATS program have been and continue to be dedicated to the training and mentorship of both undergraduate and graduate students (including those with direct BATS PIs supervision and others via ancillary programs). The oceanographic facilities at BIOS allow the project team to train students and technicians and to collaborate with other researchers in a manner few other institutions can provide. Through hands-on laboratory, cruise and data synthesis activities, BATS will continue to directly aid the U.S. national effort to improve the understanding of the oceanic carbon cycle and the impact on global climate

长期时间序列是研究海洋物理学和生物地球化学，其对全球碳周期的影响及其对气候变化的反应的强大工具。 特别是，百慕大大西洋时间序列研究（BATS）计划的研究目标在海洋科学研究所（BIOS）（BIOS）已经并且将继续是，并且正在增强我们对海洋碳循环的时间变化组成部分的理解，相关的生物生物元素（例如，对氮气，氮化物的属性，质量，硅，硅），硅，硅，硅）的构成，并识别出相关的生物元素。可变性。 现有的24年数据来自蝙蝠对季节性和全年变异性，Sargasso Sea生态系统对自然气候变异性的反应以及对潜在气候变化信号的检测的强大限制。 蝙蝠的多年观察结果还提供了海洋碳循环的迫切需要变化的速率，二氧化碳在北大西洋上汇集了最长的海洋酸化记录。 在整个25年的运营过程中，蝙蝠的目标一直是：（1）记录营养周期和生物群落的时间变化； （2）量化海洋 - 大气耦合和气候强迫在二氧化碳交换中的作用，以及向海洋内部出口碳； （3）研究物理强迫（例如热的表面通量，淡水和动量的表面通量）对浮游社区结构和功能的作用，包括新的和出口的生产率； （4）研究气候诱导的变异性在表面通量中的作用在浮游物社区结构和功能上，以及（5）提供新的海洋学工具和技术的开发/验证。 这项授予BIOS和Bigelow海洋科学实验室的续签奖将提供资金，以继续在26 - 30年内继续蝙蝠计划。 在继续核心目标的同时，研究团队将解决从以前的蝙蝠数据中提出的几个新的长期问题。 这些问题与以下问题有关：（1）涡流对冬季混合际变化的影响； （2）检测萨尔加索表面和深水中的气候变化信号； （3）海洋酸化对初级生产的影响，溶解和颗粒相之间新鲜产生的有机碳的分配以及沉积碳的再矿化； （4）颗粒和溶解的氮和磷循环的偶联，控制机制及其与规范红场比的关系，以及； （5）碳出口综合地球化学估计和碳出口的观察记录的差异。 更广泛的影响：蝙蝠计划通过为经验家和建模者提供高质量的海洋观察和数据，以及研究人员可以构思和检验假设的框架，从而对海洋科学领域产生了强大和多样化的影响。 实际上，许多集中的以过程为导向的研究计划（例如，涡流，营养蝙蝠）从蝙蝠数据引起的假设中消失了。 蝙蝠和这些相关计划继续产生大量引用的出版物，为该领域做出重要贡献并促进我们对海洋的理解。 蝙蝠的PIS计划已经并且继续致力于对本科生和研究生的培训和指导（包括具有直接蝙蝠PIS PIS监督和其他通过辅助计划的培训和指导）。 BIOS的海洋学设施使项目团队可以培训学生和技术人员，并以其他机构可以提供的方式与其他研究人员合作。 通过动手实验室，巡航和数据综合活动，蝙蝠将继续直接帮助美国国家，以提高对海洋碳周期的理解以及对全球气候的影响