Collaborative Research: Ontario Winter Lake-effect Systems-Surface and Atmospheric Influences on Lake-effect Convection (OWLeS-SAIL)

合作研究：安大略冬季湖效应系统-地表和大气对湖效应对流的影响（OWLeS-SAIL）

• 批准号: 1259011
• 负责人: George Young
• 金额: $ 38.09万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-06-01 至 2020-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1259011&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Ontario; Winter; Lake

This grant is part of a larger effort centered on the Ontario Winter (OW) Lake-effect Systems (LeS) field project, to be conducted December 2013-January 2014. OWLeS will focus on two complementary lines of research, each tracing to a preferred wind regime, characteristic cross-lake fetch and corresponding distinct mesoscale mode of winter storm organization. Activities led by this sub-group will focus on "short-fetch" events in which prevailing low-level winds are oriented at large angles relative to Lake Ontario's long axis. These investigators will seek to advance process-oriented understanding of atmospheric boundary-layer circulations over adjacent complex land cover, factors controlling the location and downwind persistence/spatial extent of lake-effect circulations and associated bands of heavy snowfall, as well as those precipitation events associated with smaller bodies of water as are found in the Finger Lakes region. Observational assets to be deployed during OWLeS will include the University of Wyoming King Air instrumented aircraft, the CSWR Doppler on Wheels mobile radars, multiple mobile rawinsounding systems, the Millersville University Profiling System, the UAH Mobile Integrated Profiling System, and a variety of other surface measurement systems. The intellectual merit of this sub-group's activities is centered upon determination of (1) how upwind land-surface and atmospheric factors determine the three-dimensional structure of the short-fetch convective LeS PBL that develop over a relatively-warm, open water surface; (2) how organized, initially convective cloud and precipitation structures under short-fetch conditions persist far downstream over land, long after leaving the buoyancy source (i.e., the ice-free waters of Lake Ontario); and (3) factors controlling the development of, and interactions between, complex atmospheric stratifications embodying a internal planetary boundary layer and residual layers resulting from airmass advection over multiple mesoscale bodies of water and intervening land.Broader impacts of OWLeS will include improved physical understanding and model-based representations of conditions that impact populations and associated major transportation corridors along the shores of the Great Lakes region, as well as extensive opportunities for enhanced classroom and hands-on field project based educational opportunities for a large number of students who will be actively engaged in field campaign planning, instrument preparation, data collection and analysis. Outreach efforts will extend to K-12 students and college students enrolled at nearby institutes of higher learning.

这笔赠款是一个更大的努力的一部分，集中在安大略冬季（OW）湖泊效应系统（LeS）现场项目，将于2013年12月至2014年1月进行。 OWLeS将侧重于两个互补的研究方向，每个方向都追踪到一个首选的风况、特征性的跨湖取风和相应的不同的冬季风暴组织中尺度模式。 由该小组领导的活动将集中在“短风”事件中，盛行的低空风相对于安大略湖的长轴以大角度定向。 这些研究人员将寻求推进以过程为导向的理解大气边界层环流在邻近的复杂的土地覆盖，控制湖泊效应环流的位置和顺风持续性/空间范围的因素和相关的强降雪带，以及与较小的水体相关联的降水事件，如在手指湖区。 OWLeS期间部署的观测资产将包括怀俄明州大学空中国王仪表飞机、CSWR多普勒轮式移动的雷达、多个移动的雷达探测系统、米勒斯维尔大学剖面系统、UAH移动的综合剖面系统和各种其他表面测量系统。 这个小组的活动的智力价值集中在确定（1）逆风陆面和大气因素如何决定在相对温暖的开阔水面上发展的短距离对流LeS PBL的三维结构;（2）在短风条件下，有组织的、最初的对流云和降水结构如何在远下游的陆地上持续存在，在离开浮力源很久之后（即，安大略湖的无冰沃茨）;和（3）控制发展的因素，以及相互作用，复杂的大气层结，包括内部行星边界层和由多个中尺度水体和中间陆地上的气团平流产生的残留层。OWLeS的更广泛影响将包括改进物理理解和模型-基于对影响人口和沿着五大湖地区海岸的相关主要运输走廊的条件的表示，以及增强课堂和动手能力的广泛机会-为大量学生提供基于实地项目的教育机会，这些学生将积极参与实地活动规划、仪器准备、数据收集和分析。 外联工作将扩大到K-12学生和在附近高等院校就读的大学生。