Collaborative Research: Ontario Winter Lake-effect Systems-Surface and Atmospheric Influences on Lake-effect Convection (OWLeS-SAIL)

合作研究：安大略冬季湖效应系统-地表和大气对湖效应对流的影响（OWLeS-SAIL）

• 批准号: 1259004
• 负责人: David Kristovich
• 金额: $ 41.33万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-06-01 至 2018-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1259004&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Ontario; Winter; Lake

This grant is part of a larger effort centered on the Ontario Winter (OW) Lake-effect Systems (LeS) field project, to be conducted December 2013-January 2014. OWLeS will focus on two complementary lines of research, each tracing to a preferred wind regime, characteristic cross-lake fetch and corresponding distinct mesoscale mode of winter storm organization. Activities led by this sub-group will focus on "short-fetch" events in which prevailing low-level winds are oriented at large angles relative to Lake Ontario's long axis. These investigators will seek to advance process-oriented understanding of atmospheric boundary-layer circulations over adjacent complex land cover, factors controlling the location and downwind persistence/spatial extent of lake-effect circulations and associated bands of heavy snowfall, as well as those precipitation events associated with smaller bodies of water as are found in the Finger Lakes region. Observational assets to be deployed during OWLeS will include the University of Wyoming King Air instrumented aircraft, the CSWR Doppler on Wheels mobile radars, multiple mobile rawinsounding systems, the Millersville University Profiling System, the UAH Mobile Integrated Profiling System, and a variety of other surface measurement systems. The intellectual merit of this sub-group's activities is centered upon determination of (1) how upwind land-surface and atmospheric factors determine the three-dimensional structure of the short-fetch convective LeS PBL that develop over a relatively-warm, open water surface; (2) how organized, initially convective cloud and precipitation structures under short-fetch conditions persist far downstream over land, long after leaving the buoyancy source (i.e., the ice-free waters of Lake Ontario); and (3) factors controlling the development of, and interactions between, complex atmospheric stratifications embodying a internal planetary boundary layer and residual layers resulting from airmass advection over multiple mesoscale bodies of water and intervening land.Broader impacts of OWLeS will include improved physical understanding and model-based representations of conditions that impact populations and associated major transportation corridors along the shores of the Great Lakes region, as well as extensive opportunities for enhanced classroom and hands-on field project based educational opportunities for a large number of students who will be actively engaged in field campaign planning, instrument preparation, data collection and analysis. Outreach efforts will extend to K-12 students and college students enrolled at nearby institutes of higher learning.

这笔赠款是以安大略冬季 (OW) 湖效应系统 (LeS) 现场项目为中心的更大努力的一部分，该项目将于 2013 年 12 月至 2014 年 1 月进行。OWLeS 将重点关注两条互补的研究路线，每条路线都追踪首选的风况、特征跨湖取力以及相应的冬季风暴组织的独特中尺度模式。 该小组领导的活动将集中于“短期”事件，其中盛行的低空风与安大略湖长轴成大角度。 这些研究人员将寻求推进对邻近复杂土地覆盖的大气边界层环流、控制湖泊效应环流的位置和顺风持续性/空间范围的因素以及相关的大雪带以及与手指湖地区发现的较小水体相关的降水事件的面向过程的理解。 OWLeS 期间部署的观测资产将包括怀俄明大学 King Air 仪表飞机、CSWR 轮上多普勒移动雷达、多个移动原始探测系统、米勒斯维尔大学剖面系统、UAH 移动综合剖面系统以及各种其他表面测量系统。 该小组活动的智力价值集中在确定（1）逆风地表和大气因素如何决定在相对温暖、开阔的水面上发展的短程对流 LeS PBL 的三维结构； （2）在短取条件下，有组织的、最初的对流云和降水结构在离开浮力源（即安大略湖的无冰水域）很久之后，如何在陆地下游远处持续存在； (3) 控制复杂大气层结的发展和相互作用的因素，包括内部行星边界层和多个中尺度水体和干预土地上气团平流产生的残留层。OWLeS的更广泛影响将包括改善对影响大湖地区沿岸人口和相关主要交通走廊的条件的物理理解和基于模型的表示，以及增强课堂和教学的广泛机会。 为大量学生提供基于实践实地项目的教育机会，他们将积极参与实地活动规划、仪器准备、数据收集和分析。 外展工作将扩展到 K-12 学生和附近高等教育机构就读的大学生。