Collaborative Research: Community-Based 3D Imaging That Ties Clinoform Geometry to Facies Successions and Neogene Sea-Level Change

合作研究：基于群落的 3D 成像，将斜形几何与相演替和新近纪海平面变化联系起来

• 批准号: 1259135
• 负责人: Craig Fulthorpe
• 金额: $ 22.62万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-01-15 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1259135&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Community; Based; 3D

The primary goal of this project is to constrain the complex forcing functions tying evolution and preservation of the margin stratigraphic record to base-level changes. These processes include eustasy, climatic and paleooceanographic variations, tectonism, compaction and rates of sediment supply. Existing borehole data will provide lithostratigraphy, geochronology and paleobathymetry. Geomorphology revealed by horizontal slices (among other 3D imaging tools) will identify diagnostic features such as river systems, shorelines, delta channels, sediment failure scars, etc., none of which can be resolved in existing 2D seismic data to the degree required to map shifting shallow-water depositional settings in the vicinity of clinoform rollovers. For the general benefit of a broad user community the PIs will coordinate and acquire a 3D seismic data encompassing the three IODP drillsites on the inner-middle shelf of the New Jersey (NJ) continental margin on R/V Marcus Langseth. Data will be made available to the engaged scientific community to use as the foundation of follow-on, PI- driven proposals that improve understanding of factors shaping the NJ margin in particular, and that imprint the sedimentary record at continental margins in general. 3D seismic imaging can now be applied to the NJ margin to put these sampled records in a spatially accurate, stratigraphically meaningful context. Such imagery will allow researchers to map sequences around drill sites with a resolution and confidence previously unattainable, and to analyze their spatial/temporal evolution. Objectives include: 1) establishing the impact of known Ice House base-level changes on the stratigraphic record; 2) providing greater understanding of the response of near-shore environments to changes in elevation of global sea level (with special relevance to the current relentless rise), and 3) determining the amplitudes/timing of global sea-level changes during the mid-Cenozoic, which should help humanity put anthropogenic base-level change in a proper long-term context. Broader Impacts The project will collaboratively engage the scientific community and generate widely accessible data for all users. Students and early-career scientists will be mentored and involved in the cruise. The PIs will produce exhibits and/or lectures hosted by the Rutgers Geology Museum. Since the source of the sedimentary record offshore New Jersey fed a similar pulse of sediments into the Gulf of Mexico, increasing knowledge of the evolution of the NJ shelf may help improve strategies for hydrocarbon exploration in the Gulf.

该项目的主要目标是限制将边缘地层记录的演变和保存与基准面变化联系在一起的复杂的强迫作用。这些过程包括海平面上升、气候和古海洋变化、构造作用、压实作用和沉积物供应速度。现有的钻孔数据将提供岩石地层、地质年代学和古大地测量学。水平切片显示的地貌(以及其他3D成像工具)将识别河流系统、海岸线、三角洲河道、沉积物崩塌伤痕等诊断特征，这些特征在现有的二维地震数据中都无法解决，达到绘制斜形翻转附近不断变化的浅水沉积环境所需的程度。为了广大用户群体的普遍利益，PIS将协调和获取三维地震数据，其中包括R/V Marcus Langseth上新泽西州(NJ)大陆边缘内-中陆架上的三个IODP钻探点。将向参与其中的科学界提供数据，作为后续的、由PI驱动的建议的基础，这些建议改善了对特别是新泽西州边缘形成因素的了解，并在总体上印记了大陆边缘的沉积记录。三维地震成像现在可以应用于新泽西州边缘，将这些采样记录置于空间上准确的、具有地层学意义的背景下。这样的图像将使研究人员能够以以前无法达到的分辨率和置信度绘制钻探地点周围的序列，并分析它们的时空演变。目标包括：1)确定已知的冰屋基准面变化对地层记录的影响；2)更好地了解近岸环境对全球海平面变化的反应(与当前的持续上升特别相关)，以及3)确定中新生代期间全球海平面变化的幅度/时间，这应有助于人类将人为基准面变化放在适当的长期背景下考虑。更广泛的影响该项目将与科学界合作，并为所有用户生成广泛可用的数据。学生和职业生涯早期的科学家将接受指导，并参与邮轮活动。PIS将制作由罗格斯地质博物馆主办的展览和/或讲座。由于新泽西州近海沉积记录的来源向墨西哥湾输送了类似的沉积物脉冲，因此增加对新泽西州陆架演化的了解可能有助于改进墨西哥湾的油气勘探战略。