Advancing Dynamic Relief Response: Integration of New Data Streams and Routing Models

推进动态救援响应：新数据流和路线模型的集成

• 批准号: 1265786
• 负责人: Karen Smilowitz
• 金额: $ 25万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1265786&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Advancing; Dynamic; Relief; Response; Integration

The goals of this research project are to (1) assess how new data streams available during a crisis can improve logistical decisions, and (2) facilitate data stream integration into humanitarian logistics operations, such as search-and-rescue (SAR) and relief distribution efforts. Since the devastating January 2010 Haitian earthquake, there has been an increasing use and a deeper understanding of the role of new technologies in disaster relief, as well as the challenges of integrating these technologies into response activities. The deliverables of this project will be a comprehensive data source taxonomy focused on humanitarian logistics and a formal description of the necessary processes to prepare real-time datasets for use in humanitarian emergencies. Furthermore, this work will identify needed advances in dynamic routing models to accommodate these new data streams and the complex set of decisions in the field. Field-based activities will bring together undergraduate/graduate students, faculty and practitioners.Ultimately, this project will provide a framework for researchers in the field to further this line of work. The project also identifies a new class of routing models that combine orienteering and path planning problems needed to address the challenges of these unique problem settings. Integration of emerging data streams into humanitarian logistics, such as SAR operations, has potential to save lives and minimize suffering of people affected by natural disaster and other crises. The likelihood of success in model creation and implementation in practice will increase with a series of ongoing conversations between practitioners, inter-disciplinary research teams, humanitarian organizations and the broader crisis mapping community. This research will also impact undergraduate and graduate students by exposing them to new applications of their operations research knowledge.

该研究项目的目标是（1）评估危机期间可用的新数据流如何改善物流决策，以及（2）促进数据流整合到人道主义物流行动中，例如搜索和救援（SAR）和救济分发工作。自2010年1月海地发生毁灭性地震以来，人们越来越多地使用新技术，对新技术在救灾中的作用以及将这些技术纳入应对活动的挑战有了更深入的了解。该项目的交付成果将是一个侧重于人道主义后勤的全面数据源分类法，以及一份关于编制供人道主义紧急情况使用的实时数据集的必要程序的正式说明。此外，这项工作将确定动态路由模型的必要进展，以适应这些新的数据流和现场的复杂决策。基于实地的活动将汇集本科生/研究生，教师和从业人员。最终，该项目将为该领域的研究人员提供一个框架，以促进这一工作。该项目还确定了一类新的路由模型，结合联合收割机定向和路径规划问题，需要解决这些独特的问题设置的挑战。将新出现的数据流纳入搜救行动等人道主义后勤工作，有可能拯救生命，并最大限度地减少受自然灾害和其他危机影响的人的痛苦。随着从业人员、跨学科研究小组、人道主义组织和更广泛的危机绘图界之间的一系列持续对话，模型创建和实际实施的成功可能性将增加。这项研究也将影响本科生和研究生，让他们接触到他们的运筹学知识的新应用。