Scaling of Fluctuations and Energy in Bacterial Growth and Division

细菌生长和分裂中的波动和能量的缩放

• 批准号: 1305542
• 负责人: Aaron Dinner
• 金额: $ 42万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-15 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1305542&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Scaling; Fluctuations; Energy; Bacterial; Growth

In this project, the PI will integrate experiment and theory to measure and understand the relationship between fluctuations of various observed quantities and the responses of a living system to designed (pulsatile) perturbations. The approach centers on a unique technology that the PI has developed and implemented, combining microfluidics, single-cell imaging, quantitative analysis, and stochastic modeling of growth and division of Caulobacter crescentus. The project seeks to employ this approach to evaluate models for growth control and the degree to which cells trade energy, speed, and accuracy; identify relations constraining the statistics of cell-cycle periods under steady and changing conditions; and engineer a system in which the interactions between cells in a population can be modulated to study spontaneous symmetry breaking. These goals are important for establishing the fundamental physics of systems far from equilibrium. They also provide examples as to how scaling and fluctuation relations can be used to provide direct constraints on regulatory dynamics. In this way, these studies complement common biological methods for assembling information about molecular concentrations and interactions. The investigator seeks to bring core concepts of the project, such as the importance of going beyond averages to study statistical distributions, to a broader audience interested in living systems. To this end, the PI will develop a summer course to introduce high school teachers to basic concepts in probability, energy, and entropy in biological systems through hands-on experimentation and self-guided web-based tutorials.This project is being jointly supported by the Physics of Living Systems program in the Division of Physics and the Cellular Dynamics and Function Program in the Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences.

在这个项目中，PI将整合实验和理论，以测量和理解各种观测量的波动与生命系统对设计（脉动）扰动的响应之间的关系。该方法以PI开发和实施的独特技术为中心，结合了微流体，单细胞成像，定量分析以及新月柄杆菌生长和分裂的随机建模。 该项目旨在采用这种方法来评估生长控制模型以及细胞交易能量，速度和准确性的程度;确定在稳定和变化条件下限制细胞周期周期统计的关系;并设计一个系统，其中可以调节群体中细胞之间的相互作用以研究自发对称性破缺。 这些目标对于建立远离平衡的系统的基本物理学非常重要。 他们还提供了一些例子，如何缩放和波动关系可以用来提供监管动态的直接约束。 通过这种方式，这些研究补充了收集分子浓度和相互作用信息的常用生物学方法。 调查人员试图将该项目的核心概念，如超越平均值研究统计分布的重要性，带给对生命系统感兴趣的更广泛的受众。 为此，PI将开发一个暑期课程，通过动手实验和自我指导的网络教程，向高中教师介绍生物系统中的概率、能量和熵的基本概念。该项目由物理学系的生命系统物理学项目和分子与细胞生物科学系的细胞动力学和功能项目共同支持。