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CAREER: Rapid host-parasite evolution and its effects on host invasions: a resurrection ecology study

职业：宿主-寄生虫的快速进化及其对宿主入侵的影响：复活生态学研究

基本信息

批准号：
1305836
负责人：
Meghan Duffy
金额：
$ 67.87万
依托单位：
Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-09-01 至 2017-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1305836&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Rapid host parasite evolution

项目摘要

As rates of parasitism increase and species invasions skyrocket, there are increasing numbers of outbreaks of disease that result from novel host-parasite pairings. How do hosts and parasites evolve in response to these new interactions, and what are the consequences for ecological dynamics of native and invasive hosts? This project uses interactions among a native bacterial parasite, a native zooplankton host, and an invasive zooplankton host that is now infected by the native bacterial parasite to ask how parasites adapt when they first enter a novel host. Existing genetic archives for both host and parasite provide a rare opportunity to study the important process of how pathogens that originate in one host species move to another; this host switch is very difficult to observe in nature. In addition, observational studies of lake populations, laboratory experiments and mathematical models will be used to understand how parasitism influences population dynamics of native and invasive hosts. An important component of this project involves educating, training and diversifying the next generation of scientists. The principal investigator will work with science educators to develop hands-on, experiential learning activities for inner city children in Atlanta, focusing on plankton and microbes. Informal science education activities aimed at the general public will also be developed, and will be used to engage visitors to an inner city park. Pre-teacher undergraduates from Georgia Tech will be trained in scientific research, educational research, and pedagogy. In addition, students from Georgia Tech and nearby Spelman College will be involved in the proposed research, gaining valuable research experience. Finally, because many new human pathogens likely arose in different hosts, understanding the process by which pathogens jump from one host to another will have broad societal significance.

随着寄生虫率的增加和物种入侵的激增，由新的宿主-寄生虫配对引起的疾病暴发数量也在增加。宿主和寄生虫是如何响应这些新的相互作用而进化的，对本地和入侵宿主的生态动态会产生什么后果？该项目利用本地细菌寄生虫、本地浮游动物宿主和现在被本地细菌寄生虫感染的入侵浮游动物宿主之间的相互作用，来询问寄生虫第一次进入新宿主时是如何适应的。现有的宿主和寄生虫的遗传档案为研究起源于一个宿主物种的病原体如何转移到另一个宿主物种的重要过程提供了难得的机会；这种宿主开关在自然界中很难观察到。此外，还将利用对湖泊种群的观测研究、实验室实验和数学模型来了解寄生如何影响本地和入侵宿主的种群动态。该项目的一个重要组成部分涉及教育、培训和多样化下一代科学家。首席研究员将与科学教育工作者合作，为亚特兰大市中心的儿童开发动手的体验式学习活动，重点是浮游生物和微生物。还将开展针对普通公众的非正式科学教育活动，并将用于吸引游客参观市中心的一个公园。来自佐治亚理工学院的本科生将接受科学研究、教育研究和教育学方面的培训。此外，来自佐治亚理工学院和附近斯佩尔曼学院的学生将参与拟议的研究，获得宝贵的研究经验。最后，由于许多新的人类病原体可能出现在不同的宿主中，了解病原体从一个宿主跳到另一个宿主的过程将具有广泛的社会意义。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（6）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Context-dependent host-symbiont interactions: shifts along the parasitism–mutualism continuum

依赖于环境的宿主-共生体相互作用：沿着寄生-互惠连续体的转变

DOI：
10.1086/716635
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
The American Naturalist
影响因子：
0
作者：
Rogalski, Mary Alta;Stewart Merrill, Tara;Gowler, Camden;Caceres, Carla;Duffy, Meghan
通讯作者：
Duffy, Meghan

Local adaptation of a parasite to solar radiation impacts disease transmission potential, spore yield, and host fecundity*

寄生虫对太阳辐射的局部适应会影响疾病传播潜力、孢子产量和宿主繁殖力*

DOI：
10.1111/evo.13940
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
Evolution
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Rogalski, Mary Alta;Duffy, Meghan A.
通讯作者：
Duffy, Meghan A.

Shedding light on environmentally transmitted parasites: lighter conditions within lakes restrict epidemic size

揭示环境传播的寄生虫：湖泊内较轻的条件限制了流行病的规模

DOI：
10.1002/ecy.3168
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
Ecology
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Shaw, Clara L.;Hall, Spencer R.;Overholt, Erin P.;Cáceres, Carla E.;Williamson, Craig E.;Duffy, Meghan A.
通讯作者：
Duffy, Meghan A.

Light exposure decreases infectivity of the Daphnia parasite Pasteuria ramosa

光照会降低水蚤寄生虫巴斯德氏菌的传染性

DOI：
10.1093/plankt/fbz070
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
Journal of Plankton Research
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Overholt, Erin P;Duffy, Meghan A;Meeks, Matthew P;Leach, Taylor H;Williamson, Craig E
通讯作者：
Williamson, Craig E