NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology FY 2013

2013 财年 NSF 生物学博士后奖学金

• 批准号: 1309320
• 负责人: Ari Martinez
• 金额: $ 20.7万
• 依托单位: Martinez Ari E
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-06-01 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1309320&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Postdoctoral; Fellowship; Biology; FY

Using energetics to understand the organization of stable mixed-species societiesMixed-species animal societies are ubiquitous in many communities, and range from fluid groups to ecologically stable associations with high fidelity by individual group members. In some societies, certain species eavesdrop on alarm calls of other species, yet it is unclear what the overall costs and benefits are for each species and thus the nature of species interactions. In rainforests, mixed species bird groups take on the most extreme form of stability known, and attract other species on a facultative basis. The permanence of such stable animal societies sets the stage for the evolution of complex communication in which species eavesdrop on alarm calls of other species and where some species potentially deceive others with false alarm calls. This project uses measurements of metabolic costs of flock members in and out of flocks to evaluate alternative hypotheses of how alarm calling and non-alarm calling bird species benefit from these associations. Multi-species flocks are crucial to the high diversity of tropical bird communities and are vulnerable to habitat degradation. This project uses an integrative approach to ecology, incorporating physiology with behavior to evaluate the costs and benefits that drive the organization of stable mixed-species vertebrate societies. It will also broaden the participation of underrepresented groups in science through the extension of inquiry-based science initiatives with rural Peruvian students and teachers, training opportunities for undergraduates, and the continuation of an inquiry-based field research design course for undergraduates from Latin America.

利用能量学来了解稳定的混合物种社会的组织在许多社区中无处不在，从流体群体到各个群体成员的高保真稳定的联系。 在某些社会中，某些物种窃听了其他物种的警报，但目前尚不清楚每个物种的总成本和收益是什么，因此物种相互作用的性质。在雨林中，混合物种鸟类群体采用了最极端的稳定形式，并以兼性为基础吸引了其他物种。这种稳定的动物社会的永久性为复杂交流的演变奠定了基础，在这种传播中，物种在其他物种的警报呼唤中窃听，而某些物种可能会用错误的警报呼唤其他物种欺骗其他物种。 该项目使用羊群内外羊群代谢成本的测量，以评估替代假设，即警报呼唤和非警报呼叫鸟类如何从这些关联中受益。多物种群对于热带鸟类群落的高度多样性至关重要，并且容易受到栖息地退化的影响。 该项目使用一种综合方法来生态学，将生理学与行为结合在一起，以评估推动稳定混合物种脊椎动物社会组织的成本和收益。 它还将通过与农村秘鲁学生和老师的基于询问的科学计划，本科生的培训机会以及继续为来自拉丁美洲的本科生的基于询问的实地研究设计课程的培训机会，扩大代表性不足的群体参与科学的参与。