Disseration Research: The Mechanisms and Consequences of Herbivore-induced Volatile Emissions for Neighboring Plants

论文研究：草食动物引起的邻近植物挥发性排放的机制和后果

• 批准号: 1309495
• 负责人: Andre Kessler
• 金额: $ 2.01万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-06-01 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1309495&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Disseration; Research; Mechanisms; Consequences; Herbivore

Herbivory is a major factor shaping the diversity and abundance of plant communities. Because plants are sessile, the proximity and identity of their neighbors influence their apparency to herbivores and affects competitive interactions. Thus, competition and herbivore resistance are interacting factors in the co-evolutionary arms race between herbivores and plants. Moreover, by perceiving chemical signals from damaged neighbors, plants can induce resistance without actually receiving damage, emphasizing that plant-herbivore interactions are played out on a scale much larger than the individual plant. Understanding the mechanisms of and constraints on this so-called ?plant-to-plant signaling? will help predict how the genotypic diversity of a plant?s neighborhood influences the availability and reliability of information from its neighbors, and how plant-to-plant signaling influences plant-herbivore coevolution. The proposed research will test for genetic variation in and specificity of plant-to-plant signaling, investigate the degree of within- and between-clone signaling, and assess the potential for natural selection on traits associated with the emission and perception of signals from neighboring plants. From an ecological perspective, these experiments will inform how the genetic diversity of a plant?s neighborhood may affect the availability of information within the plant population. From an evolutionary perspective, they will reveal the potential for signal emission and perception to evolve by natural selection. The project?s broader impacts involve the professional development of one graduate and two undergraduate students, numerous public outreach events geared towards encouraging appreciation of plant and insect ecology in K-12 students, and the peer-reviewed publication of results.

草食性是影响植物群落多样性和丰度的主要因素。由于植物是无根的，它们邻居的接近性和身份会影响它们对食草动物的可见性，并影响竞争相互作用。因此，竞争和食草动物抗性是食草动物和植物共同进化军备竞赛中相互作用的因素。此外，通过感知来自受损邻居的化学信号，植物可以在不实际受到伤害的情况下诱导抗性，强调植物-食草动物相互作用的规模远远大于单个植物。理解这种所谓的机制和约束吗？植株信号?将如何帮助预测植物的基因型多样性？S邻域影响来自邻域信息的可用性和可靠性，以及植物间信号传导如何影响植物-食草动物共同进化。该研究将测试植物间信号的遗传变异和特异性，研究克隆内和克隆间信号的程度，并评估与邻近植物信号发射和感知相关的性状的自然选择潜力。从生态学的角度来看，这些实验将告诉我们植物的遗传多样性是如何发生的？S邻域可能影响植物种群内信息的可用性。从进化的角度来看，它们将揭示信号发射和感知通过自然选择进化的潜力。这个项目吗?其更广泛的影响包括一名研究生和两名本科生的专业发展，许多旨在鼓励K-12学生欣赏植物和昆虫生态学的公共宣传活动，以及同行评议的结果发表。