Collborative Research: RAPID: Impact of disturbance from hurricane Sandy on methane emission and carbon sequestration rates in NJ coastal wetlands

1311713（谢弗），1311796（贾菲）和1311547（玻尔）。该RAPID将评估超级风暴对温室气体通量的影响。新泽西州温带城市沿海湿地中的桑迪。正在进行的实验已经为一年多的二氧化碳和甲烷通量的密集测量提供了基线数据，这些测量是用涡流相关技术进行的，用室内技术进行的甲烷通量测量和地下孔隙水测量。有了这些基线数据，就有可能描述桑迪对甲烷释放、二氧化碳排放和吸收过程的影响，并将继续对其产生影响。将进行先进的遥感分析，以非常高的分辨率绘制风暴干扰到湿地植被的地图，并进行额外的室内测量，以确定发生特定类型干扰的位置（连根拔起、风害、洪水-沉积物覆盖）。利用涡旋协方差测量确定湿地整体甲烷和CO2的产生、排放和吸收，并沿着扰动梯度和不同植被类型（包括原生植被和入侵植被）对特定微点的碳和甲烷循环的相对速率进行量化。风暴的影响，就湿地及其微型站点在风暴后几天到一年内的温室气体预算而言，将被确定。作为正在进行的CBET/ENG/NSF项目的一部分，对涡流通量、腔室测量和孔隙水的定期监测将持续一年以上。这项研究将提供第一份关于沿海湿地对大风暴影响的温室气体（包括甲烷）响应的报告。这项研究的见解可以进一步告知科学和土地管理界湿地的作用，以及它们的生态系统服务在温室气体方面对风暴和未来气候的脆弱性，这些气候可能包括更强、更频繁的风暴事件。结果将传达给梅多兰兹环境研究所（MERI）的许多访客，该研究所为该地区的高中生提供广泛的研讨会和教育活动，并与来自新泽西和纽约地区的学者举办研究专题讨论会。分享这项研究的见解也将提供给草地委员会，该委员会是MERI的政策部门，因此可能具有管理意义。

1311713 (Schafer), 1311796 (Jaffe), and 1311547 (Bohrer). This RAPID will evaluate the consequences on greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes of ?superstorm? Sandy in a temperate urban coastal wetland in New Jersey. Ongoing experiments have already been providing baseline data for more than a year of intensive measurements of carbon dioxide and methane fluxes with the eddy covariance technique, methane fluxes with the chamber technique and below ground porewater measurements. With this baseline data, it is possible to characterize the impact Sandy had and will continue to have on the processes governing methane release and carbon dioxide emission and uptake. Advanced remote sensing analysis will be conducted to map the storm disturbance to wetland vegetation at very high resolution, and additional chamber measurements will target locations where specific types of disturbances occurred (uprooting, wind damage, flood-sediment cover). The production, emission and uptake of methane and CO2 from the wetland as a whole will be determined using eddy-covariance measurements, and the relative rates of carbon and methane cycling in specific microsites will be quantified, along a gradient of disturbance and among different vegetation types, including native and invasive vegetation. The effects of the storm, in terms of greenhouse gas budget of the wetland and its microsites from a few days to a year following the storm, will be determined. Regular monitoring of eddy flux, chamber measurements and porewater will continue longer than a year as part of an on-going CBET/ENG/NSF project. This study will provide the first report of the greenhouse gas response (including methane) of a coastal wetland to the effects of a large storm. The insight from this study could further inform the scientific and land-management communities about the role of wetlands, and the vulnerability of their ecosystem service, in terms of GHG, to storms and future climate that may include stronger and more frequent storm events. Results will be communicated to the many visitors at the Meadowlands Environmental Research Institute (MERI) that offers a wide range of workshops and educational activities for high school students in the area and hosts research symposia with scholars from the New Jersey and New York area. Sharing the insights of this research will also be made available to the Meadowlands Commission, which is the policy arm of MERI and thus may have management implications.