Collborative Research: RAPID: Impact of disturbance from hurricane Sandy on methane emission and carbon sequestration rates in NJ coastal wetlands

合作研究：RAPID：桑迪飓风扰动对新泽西州沿海湿地甲烷排放和碳封存率的影响

• 批准号: 1311713
• 负责人: Karina Schafer
• 金额: $ 8.19万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University Newark
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-01 至 2013-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1311713&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collborative; Research; RAPID; Impact; disturbance

1311713 (Schafer), 1311796 (Jaffe), and 1311547 (Bohrer). This RAPID will evaluate the consequences on greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes of ?superstorm? Sandy in a temperate urban coastal wetland in New Jersey. Ongoing experiments have already been providing baseline data for more than a year of intensive measurements of carbon dioxide and methane fluxes with the eddy covariance technique, methane fluxes with the chamber technique and below ground porewater measurements. With this baseline data, it is possible to characterize the impact Sandy had and will continue to have on the processes governing methane release and carbon dioxide emission and uptake. Advanced remote sensing analysis will be conducted to map the storm disturbance to wetland vegetation at very high resolution, and additional chamber measurements will target locations where specific types of disturbances occurred (uprooting, wind damage, flood-sediment cover). The production, emission and uptake of methane and CO2 from the wetland as a whole will be determined using eddy-covariance measurements, and the relative rates of carbon and methane cycling in specific microsites will be quantified, along a gradient of disturbance and among different vegetation types, including native and invasive vegetation. The effects of the storm, in terms of greenhouse gas budget of the wetland and its microsites from a few days to a year following the storm, will be determined. Regular monitoring of eddy flux, chamber measurements and porewater will continue longer than a year as part of an on-going CBET/ENG/NSF project. This study will provide the first report of the greenhouse gas response (including methane) of a coastal wetland to the effects of a large storm. The insight from this study could further inform the scientific and land-management communities about the role of wetlands, and the vulnerability of their ecosystem service, in terms of GHG, to storms and future climate that may include stronger and more frequent storm events. Results will be communicated to the many visitors at the Meadowlands Environmental Research Institute (MERI) that offers a wide range of workshops and educational activities for high school students in the area and hosts research symposia with scholars from the New Jersey and New York area. Sharing the insights of this research will also be made available to the Meadowlands Commission, which is the policy arm of MERI and thus may have management implications.

1311713 (Schafer)、1311796 (Jaffe) 和 1311547 (Bohrer)。 该 RAPID 将评估“超级风暴”对温室气体 (GHG) 通量的影响。新泽西州温带城市沿海湿地的桑迪。正在进行的实验已经为一年多来利用涡流协方差技术对二氧化碳和甲烷通量、利用室技术对甲烷通量以及地下孔隙水测量进行的密集测量提供了基线数据。有了这些基线数据，就可以描述桑迪对甲烷释放和二氧化碳排放和吸收过程已经并将继续产生的影响。将进行先进的遥感分析，以非常高分辨率绘制风暴对湿地植被的干扰，并且额外的室测量将针对发生特定类型干扰（连根拔起、风害、洪水沉积物覆盖）的位置。 整个湿地的甲烷和二氧化碳的产生、排放和吸收将通过涡度协方差测量来确定，并且沿着干扰梯度和不同植被类型（包括本地和入侵植被）之间的碳和甲烷循环的相对速率将被量化。风暴后几天到一年内湿地及其微型场地的温室气体收支的影响将被确定。作为正在进行的 CBET/ENG/NSF 项目的一部分，对涡流、室测量和孔隙水的定期监测将持续一年以上。这项研究将提供第一份关于沿海湿地温室气体（包括甲烷）对大风暴影响的反应的报告。这项研究的见解可以进一步让科学界和土地管理界了解湿地的作用，以及湿地生态系统服务在温室气体方面对风暴和未来气候（可能包括更强和更频繁的风暴事件）的脆弱性。研究结果将传达给梅多兰兹环境研究所 (MERI) 的众多参观者，该研究所为该地区的高中生提供广泛的研讨会和教育活动，并与来自新泽西州和纽约地区的学者举办研究研讨会。分享这项研究的见解也将提供给 Meadowlands 委员会，该委员会是 MERI 的政策部门，因此可能具有管理意义。