权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

DISSERTATION RESEARCH: New Insights on the Evolution of Flight in Dinosaurs Using CT and PET Technology

论文研究：利用 CT 和 PET 技术对恐龙飞行进化的新见解

基本信息

批准号：
1311790
负责人：
Mark Norell
金额：
$ 2.01万
依托单位：
American Museum Natural History
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-08-15 至 2015-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1311790&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
DISSERTATION RESEARCH New Insights Evolution

项目摘要

Birds are living theropod (carnivorous) dinosaurs and the suite of plumage and wing features that enable bird flight are well known to have evolved first in non-avian dinosaurs. Because brains do not directly fossilize, however, our evolutionary understanding of the neurological control system for flight has lagged far behind. Fortuitously, advanced imaging techniques, such as Computerized Tomography scanning ? which images the interior of bone and fossils for digital recreation ? and Positron Emission Tomography scanning ? which measures brain activity during prescribed behaviors ? now make it possible to pair anatomical changes in the size and shape of the brain with behavioral patterns of brain use. This project will adapt these tools to address how the evolution of flight-active parts of the modern avian brain contributed to the dinosaurian transition to flight.The highly integrative nature of this research will be transformative as it addresses a major transition in vertebrate evolution, and impacts neuroscience and paleobiology. Dissemination will occur in both English and Spanish through the researcher?s website, designed as a platform for encouraging young women and minorities to pursue scientific careers. Additional, broad outreach will take place through the American Museum of Natural History and collaborating institutions (Columbia University, Brookhaven National Laboratory).

鸟类是现存的兽脚亚目（食肉）恐龙，众所周知，鸟类飞行的羽毛和翅膀特征首先在非鸟类恐龙中进化出来。然而，由于大脑并不直接控制飞行，我们对飞行神经控制系统的进化理解远远落后。幸运的是，先进的成像技术，如计算机断层扫描？它能把骨头和化石的内部图像进行数字娱乐？和正电子发射断层扫描在规定的行为中测量大脑活动的仪器现在可以将大脑大小和形状的解剖学变化与大脑使用的行为模式结合起来。该项目将调整这些工具，以解决现代鸟类大脑的飞行活跃部分的进化如何促进了阿古里乌斯过渡到飞行。这项研究的高度综合性将是变革性的，因为它解决了脊椎动物进化的重大转变，并影响神经科学和古生物学。将通过研究员以英文和西班牙文进行传播？的网站，旨在作为一个平台，鼓励年轻妇女和少数民族追求科学事业。此外，还将通过美国自然历史博物馆和合作机构（哥伦比亚大学、布鲁克海文国家实验室）开展广泛的外联活动。