RUI: Ocean Acidification: Scope for Resilience to Ocean Acidification in Macroalgae

RUI：海洋酸化：大型藻类对海洋酸化的适应范围

• 批准号: 1316198
• 负责人: Janet Kubler
• 金额: $ 69.06万
• 依托单位: The University Corporation, Northridge
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-06-01 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1316198&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Ocean; Acidification; Scope; Resilience

Intellectual MeritBenthic macroalgae contribute to intensely productive near shore ecosystems and little is known about the potential effects of ocean acidification on non-calcifying macroalgae. Kübler and Dudgeon will test hypotheses about two macroalgae, Ulva spp. and Plocamium cartilagineum, which, for different reasons, are hypothesized to be more productive and undergo ecological expansions under predicted changes in ocean chemistry. They have designed laboratory culture-based experiments to quantify the scope for response to ocean acidification in Plocamium, which relies solely on diffusive uptake of CO2, and populations of Ulva spp., which have an inducible concentrating mechanism (CCM). The investigators will culture these algae in media equilibrated at 8 different pCO2 levels ranging from 380 to 940 ppm to address three key hypotheses. The first is that macroalgae (such as Plocamium cartilagineum) that are not able to acquire inorganic carbon in changed form will benefit, in terms of photosynthetic and growth rates, from ocean acidification. There is little existing data to support this common assumption. The second hypothesis is that enhanced growth of Ulva sp. under OA will result from the energetic savings from down regulating the CCM, rather than from enhanced photosynthesis per se. Their approach will detect existing genetic variation for adaptive plasticity. The third key hypothesis to be addressed in short-term culture experiments is that there will be a significant interaction between ocean acidification and nitrogen limited growth of Ulva spp., which are indicator species of eutrophication. Kübler and Dudgeon will be able to quantify the individual effects of ocean acidification and nitrogenous nutrient addition on Ulva spp. and also, the synergistic effects, which will inevitably apply in many highly productive, shallow coastal areas. The three hypotheses being addressed have been broadly identified as urgent needs in our growing understanding of the impacts of ocean acidification.Broader ImpactsThis project has broader impacts in 2 major areas: the dissemination of biological knowledge to applied science and nonscientists, and inspiring careers in science among underrepresented minority students. The investigators are committed to facilitating the transfer of biological information to nonscientists who can put that information to practical use in human technologies. The lead PI is actively involved with transfer of biological knowledge to professionals in engineering, design and architecture, through her work with the Biomimicry 3.8. That is a nonprofit organization dedicated to expanding the conscious emulation of nature's genius through formal and informal education. The research results will be made accessible to nonscientists through the AskNature.org database for nonbiologist design professionals and through CSUN ScholarWorks-a database management system. The results of this project will be relevant to resilience to changing chemistry and evolvable designs. The research will also build on the investigators existing collaborations with private sector partners. JEK with will continue collaborations with The BID (Biologically Inspired Design) Community on biological resilience and robustness in systems with the goal of applying aspects of the knowledge gained here to systems of human technology, and SRD will continue collaboration with K. Jones of Gene Identification Services. CSUN is a certified minority serving and Hispanic serving, primarily undergraduate, institution with an outstanding record of moving students into careers in science. Kübler and Dudgeon will mentor 2 graduate students and 2-3 undergraduate students, from CSUN?s diverse student population, in macroalgal physiology and ecology with the goal of addressing global and ecosystem level issues. The PIs have a record of 100% of recruited MSc. students continuing to Ph.D. programs. All of the PI?s graduate students are expected to do some community service or educational outreach, usually to K-12 schools.

智慧价值底栖大型藻类有助于近岸生态系统的高生产力，对海洋酸化对非钙化大型藻类的潜在影响知之甚少。库布勒和道金将测试关于两种大型藻类石藻的假设。以及软骨藻，由于不同的原因，它们被假设为更具生产力，并在预测的海洋化学变化下经历生态扩张。他们设计了基于实验室培养的实验，以量化PLocamium和Ulva spp.对海洋酸化的反应范围，前者完全依赖于对二氧化碳的扩散吸收，后者具有诱导浓缩机制(CCM)。研究人员将在8种不同二氧化碳水平(从380到940ppm)的平衡介质中培养这些藻类，以解决三个关键假设。首先，不能获得改变形式的无机碳的大型藻类(如软骨藻)将在光合作用和生长速度方面受益于海洋酸化。目前几乎没有现有数据支持这一普遍假设。第二个假说是促进了石斑藻的生长。在光合作用下，通过下调CCM来节省能量，而不是增强光合作用本身。他们的方法将检测现有的适应可塑性的遗传变异。在短期养殖实验中需要解决的第三个关键假设是，海洋酸化和作为富营养化指示物种的石杉的氮限制生长之间将存在显著的相互作用。库布勒和道金将能够量化海洋酸化和添加氮素营养对石榴的单独影响。此外，协同效应将不可避免地适用于许多高产的浅海地区。正在讨论的三个假设被广泛认为是我们日益了解海洋酸化的影响的迫切需要。广泛的影响该项目在两个主要领域产生了更广泛的影响：向应用科学和非科学家传播生物学知识，以及激励未被充分代表的少数族裔学生从事科学事业。研究人员致力于促进将生物信息转移给非科学家，这些非科学家可以将这些信息用于人类技术。首席PI通过她在Biomimicry 3.8的工作，积极参与向工程、设计和建筑专业人员传授生物知识。这是一个非营利性组织，致力于通过正规和非正规教育扩大对大自然天才的有意识的模仿。研究结果将通过非生物学家设计专业人员的AskNature.org数据库和CSUN ScholarWorks--一个数据库管理系统--向非科学家开放。这个项目的结果将与对不断变化的化学物质和可进化设计的适应能力相关。这项研究还将建立在调查人员与私营部门合作伙伴现有合作的基础上。JEK WITH将继续与BID(生物灵感设计)社区就系统中的生物弹性和稳健性进行合作，目标是将在此获得的知识应用于人类技术系统，SRD将继续与基因鉴定服务的K.Jones合作。CSUN是一家经过认证的少数族裔服务机构和西班牙裔服务机构，主要是本科生，在推动学生进入科学职业生涯方面有着出色的记录。库布勒和道金将指导来自CSUN-S不同学生群体的2名研究生和2-3名本科生，学习大型藻类生理学和生态学，目标是解决全球和生态系统层面的问题。PI有100%招聘理科硕士的记录。继续攻读博士学位的学生。所有的皮？S研究生都被要求做一些社区服务或教育外展，通常是到K-12学校。