Collaborative Research: Windows of Opportunity: Exploring the Controls on the Depths of Eruption-forming Silicic Magma Bodies Using Improved Thermodynamics and Dynamics Models

合作研究：机会之窗：利用改进的热力学和动力学模型探索喷发硅质岩浆体深度的控制

• 批准号: 1321806
• 负责人: Guilherme Gualda
• 金额: $ 6.09万
• 依托单位: Vanderbilt University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1321806&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Windows; Opportunity; Exploring

A growing number of lines of evidence suggest that silicic magma bodies ? which give rise to hazardous explosive volcanic eruptions ? are characteristic and possibly restricted to shallow levels of the Earthh's crust. Why is this the case? What controls the depths from which eruptions emanate? Is it possible to generate and erupt silicic magma from deeper levels within the crust? How do magma properties, such as density and viscosity, interact with crustal properties, such as rigidity and elasticity, to ultimately control the eruption of magmas? These questions underlie the scientific motivation for this project that will address them by developing theoretical models derived from physical and chemical theory in order to predict the behavior of crustal magmas at the onset of volcanic eruption.In this project, the collaborative team will build upon their ongoing effort to develop coupled thermodynamics and fluid dynamics models, and to apply these models to selected natural systems. In their previous work, they developed an improved model to perform thermodynamic calculations of phase relations for silicic magmas and laid the foundation for coupling thermodynamics and fluid dynamics models by applying them to several natural systems. With this with this Accomplishment-based renewal award, they will expand these thermodynamic models to include the effects of carbon dioxide and sulfur on the fluid phase, and fully couple them with new and existing fluid dynamics models of both magmas and country-rocks, permitting rigorous evaluation of the interplay between phase change, magma dynamics, and country-rock behavior. It is also planned used the coupled models to several silicic systems including the Bishop Tuff, Peach Spring Tuff, Oruanui Tuff and Cotopaxi Volcano.

越来越多的证据表明，岩浆体？会导致危险的火山爆发是典型的，可能仅限于地壳的浅层。为什么会这样呢？是什么控制着火山喷发的深度？是否有可能从地壳的更深处产生和喷发岩浆？岩浆的性质，如密度和粘性，如何与地壳的性质，如刚性和弹性相互作用，最终控制岩浆的喷发？这些问题构成了本项目的科学动机，该项目将通过开发基于物理和化学理论的理论模型来解决这些问题，以预测火山爆发开始时地壳岩浆的行为。在本项目中，合作团队将继续开发热力学和流体动力学耦合模型，并将这些模型应用于选定的自然系统。在他们以前的工作中，他们开发了一种改进的模型来进行岩浆相关系的热力学计算，并通过将其应用于几个自然系统，为耦合热力学和流体动力学模型奠定了基础。有了这个基于成就的更新奖，他们将扩展这些热力学模型，包括二氧化碳和硫对流体相的影响，并将它们与岩浆和围岩的新的和现有的流体动力学模型完全耦合，允许严格评估相变，岩浆动力学和围岩行为之间的相互作用。还计划将耦合模型用于几个凝灰岩系统，包括Bishop凝灰岩、Peach Spring凝灰岩、Oruanui凝灰岩和科托帕希火山。