Metamorphic and Tectonic Evolution of the Tethyan Himalaya, Central Nepal

尼泊尔中部特提斯喜马拉雅山的变质和构造演化

• 批准号: 1321897
• 负责人: Matthew Kohn
• 金额: $ 19.22万
• 依托单位: Boise State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1321897&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Metamorphic; Tectonic; Evolution; Tethyan; Himalaya

In this project, new petrologic methods are being developed to help constrain the pressure-temperature-time evolution of metamorphic rocks of the Tethyan Himalayan Sequence exposed in central Nepal. These rocks are key lithologies for understanding the early history of the Himalayan orogen and for testing tectonic models, but their calcareous compositions have defied previous petrologic and chronologic efforts. Recent petrologic advances, however, indicate that titanite major element, trace element (Zr), and U-Pb isotope geochemistry can simultaneously constrain pressure, temperature and age of formation. Titanite is extremely common in Himalayan calcareous rocks. Crystals exhibit chemically and chronologically distinct sub-grain domains and preserve crystallization conditions to temperatures of about 800 °C. By determining pressure-temperature-time conditions for these different domains, we can for the first time map out the pressure-temperature-time evolution of these rocks. These data will discriminate among models of collisional orogenesis, particularly the degree to which the middle and lower crust flows plastically, and may provide a unique window into the early tectonic history of the Himalaya. Results will also broadly impact investigations of igneous petrogenesis and ages and histories of hydrothermal and ore systems. All data will be permanently archived with MetPetDB. This research addresses several fundamental problems of how continental crust behaves during plate collisions, especially the degree to which the middle and lower crust flows plastically, and how extensional systems, which thin the crust, can form when the overall forces should cause thickening. Our work will also develop new interpretational methods that will advance research in igneous, hydrothermal and ore-forming processes. In addition to the research goals of the project, a two to three day workshop will be held at Tribhuvan University in Kathmandu to help train Nepalese scientists in analytical and interpretational methods and how these data can be used to discriminate among competing hypotheses. This work will also support the research and training of a new PhD student as well as an undergraduate, who we will seek to recruit from Boise State University?s LSAMP program. The PI leverages educational opportunities in his undergraduate and graduate courses at Boise State University, which reaches a different student demographic than other American universities.

在该项目中，正在开发新的岩石学方法，以帮助限制暴露在尼泊尔中部的特提斯喜马拉雅序列的变质岩的压力-温度-时间演化。这些岩石是了解喜马拉雅造山带早期历史和测试构造模型的关键岩性，但它们的钙质成分违背了以前的岩石学和年代学的努力。然而，最近的岩石学进展表明，钛铁矿的主量元素，微量元素（Zr）和U-Pb同位素地球化学可以同时限制压力，温度和形成时代。钛铁矿在喜马拉雅石灰岩中极为常见。晶体表现出化学和时间上不同的亚晶粒域，并在约800 °C的温度下保持结晶条件。通过确定这些不同区域的压力-温度-时间条件，我们可以首次绘制出这些岩石的压力-温度-时间演化图。这些数据将区分碰撞造山作用的模型，特别是在何种程度上的中地壳和下地壳塑性流动，并可能提供一个独特的窗口到喜马拉雅山的早期构造历史。研究结果还将广泛影响火成岩成因、热液系统和成矿系统的年龄和历史的研究。所有数据将永久存档在MetPetDB中。这项研究解决了大陆地壳在板块碰撞过程中如何表现的几个基本问题，特别是中地壳和下地壳塑性流动的程度，以及当整体力量导致增厚时，如何形成拉张系统，使地壳变薄。我们的工作还将开发新的解释方法，推动火成岩、热液和成矿过程的研究。除了该项目的研究目标外，还将在加德满都的特里布万大学举办一个为期两到三天的讲习班，帮助培训尼泊尔科学家掌握分析和解释方法，以及如何利用这些数据来区分相互竞争的假设。这项工作还将支持一个新的博士生以及本科生的研究和培训，我们将寻求从博伊西州立大学招聘谁？的LSAMP程序。PI利用他在博伊西州立大学的本科和研究生课程中的教育机会，该大学的学生群体与其他美国大学不同。