PIRE: ExTerra Field Institute and Research Endeavo

“PIRE: ExTerra Field Institute and Research Endeavor （E-FIRE）”俯冲是两个构造板块汇聚，迫使一个板块深入地幔的基本地球过程。俯冲造成了地球上最致命的地震和火山爆发，例如在太平洋边缘的“火环”附近。ExTerra是一个广泛的美国地球科学联盟，研究从化石俯冲带中挖掘出的岩石，这些岩石的演化独特地阐明了在活动俯冲带表面下被掩盖的过程。ExTerra将与我们的欧洲姐妹组织ZIP （zoom In between Plates）合作，利用新颖的实地研究所促进美国和欧洲研究人员之间的合作研究，重点关注俯冲带过程。E-FIRE项目为协作地质研究开发了一种新的范例，该项目侧重于协作实地工作，以收集共同持有的材料，并通过研讨会和学生交流进行广泛的互动。每个研究人员都贡献了不同的分析专长，以共同努力，旨在改变我们对活动俯冲带过程的理解。国际合作至关重要，因为欧洲研究人员积极调查每个油田的地质情况，将提供该地区的基础领域知识，并积极参与美国研究人员的分析和解释。该项目将把学生和博士后学者（早期研究人员，ESRs）整合到一个发展中的国际科学家网络中，帮助培训早期研究人员进行研究和教育，并为未来的地球科学跨学科合作提供一个模式。E-FIRE还将创建一个独特的有价值的样本档案，将与该项目产生的数据一起提供给更大的研究社区。技术摘要：“PIRE: ExTerra Field Institute and Research Endeavor （E-FIRE）”E-FIRE的目的是通过俯冲过程追踪岩石和流体的循环，正如地球上化石俯冲带的首要例子-欧洲的西阿尔卑斯山所记录的那样。岩石、熔体和含水流体在俯冲系统的不同物理成分之间交换和相互作用的过程控制着俯冲的各个方面。这些过程发生在俯冲带的深处，对于使用远程地球物理方法进行调查和研究俯冲带上方活火山的科学家来说，充分了解这些深层过程是一个挑战。对从俯冲带内挖出的岩石的调查提供了关于这些过程的独特的、直接的信息来源。我们将探索的具体研究问题包括：1)元素如何在地壳、地幔和地球表面之间循环？2)俯冲带内岩石转化和流体释放的深度、温度和时间尺度是什么？3)俯冲带内材料的力学行为是什么？拟议的项目将采用各种方法来解决这些问题，包括矿物学和岩石学分析；结构表征;主要元素、微量元素（如HFSE、REE等）、稳定同位素（如&amp；#948;37Cl、δ13C）和放射性成因同位素（U-Pb和Sm-Nd）的地球化学分析；热力学建模。E-FIRE将实施一系列实地研究所和讲习班，旨在建立一个以俯冲带过程为重点的国际跨学科科学家网络。这些活动，以及参与机构之间的学生交流，将培养早期研究人员（ESRs：学生和博士后学者）在研究、交流和合作实践方面的能力，最终形成一个贯穿整个职业生涯的合作网络。在E-FIRE期间收集的样本和数据将被存档并提供给更大的研究界。

Non-technical abstract OIA1545903 "PIRE: ExTerra Field Institute and Research Endeavor (E-FIRE)"Subduction is a fundamental Earth process in which two tectonic plates converge, forcing one plate deep into Earth's mantle. Subduction produces most of Earth's deadliest earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, for example around the Pacific Ocean rim's "Ring of Fire". ExTerra (Exhumed Terranes) is a broad US geosciences consortium that investigates rocks exhumed from fossil subduction zones - rocks whose evolution uniquely illuminates processes otherwise obscured beneath the surface of active subduction zones. ExTerra will partner with our sister European organization ZIP (Zooming In between Plates) using novel field institutes to promote collaborative research among US and European researchers focused on subduction zone processes. The E-FIRE project develops a new paradigm for collaborative geological research that focuses on collaborative field work to collect materials held communally, augmented by broad interactions through workshops and student exchanges. Each researcher contributes a different analytical expertise to a combined effort aimed at transforming our understanding of active subduction zone processes. International partnership is critical because European researchers actively investigating the geology of each field area will provide foundational field knowledge of the region and actively participate in analysis and interpretation with US researchers. The project will integrate students and post-doctoral scholars (Early-Stage Researchers, ESRs) into a developing international network of scientists, help train ESRs in research and education, and provide a model for future geoscience collaborations across disciplines. E-FIRE will also create a uniquely valuable sample archive that will be made accessible to the greater research community along with the data generated by this project.Technical abstract OIA1545903 "PIRE: ExTerra Field Institute and Research Endeavor (E-FIRE)"The purpose of E-FIRE is to trace the cycle of rocks and fluids through the subduction process, as recorded in Earth's premier example of a fossil subduction zone - the Western Alps, Europe. The processes by which rocks, melts, and aqueous fluids exchange and interact among different physical components of the subduction system control all aspects of subduction. These processes occur deep within subduction zones, and a full understanding of these deep processes is a challenge both for investigations using remote geophysical methods and for scientists investigating active volcanoes above subduction zones. Investigations of exhumed rocks from within the subduction zone provide a unique, direct source of information regarding these processes. Specific research questions that we will explore include: 1) How do elements cycle among crust, mantle and Earth's surface? 2) What are the depths, temperatures, and timescales of rock transformation and fluid release within subduction zones? and 3) What is the mechanical behavior of materials within subduction zones? The proposed projects will adopt a variety of approaches to address these questions, including mineralogical and petrological analysis; textural characterization; geochemical analysis of major elements, trace-elements (e.g. HFSE, REE, etc.), stable isotopes (e.g. δ37Cl, δ13C), and radiogenic isotopes (U-Pb and Sm-Nd); and thermodynamic modeling. E-FIRE will implement a series of Field Institutes and Workshops aimed at developing an international, interdisciplinary network of scientists focused on subduction zone processes. These activities, along with student exchanges among participating institutions, will train early stage researchers (ESRs: students and post-doctoral scholars) in research, communication, and collaborative practice, ultimately developing a career-long collaborative network. Samples and data collected during E-FIRE will be archived and made available to the greater research community.