Doctoral Dissertation Research: Regional Variation in Implementation of International Standards

虽然民族国家的研究激增，但对采用全球规则的次国家分析仍然很少。对于多重规范的分层可能产生不同结果的方式，人们的理解仍然有限。这项研究将有助于对一个部门的政策问题之间可能存在的差异进行急需的分析。本研究考察了规范进口产品何时进入市场的两项国际规则的执行情况，并注意到规则差异和国家优先事项变化的重要性。初步研究表明，在一个区域内，对协调监管的国际规则的反应存在显著的跨国差异。此外，国家内部也存在差异，因为国家遵守一种国际规则，而抵制另一种国际规则。这篇论文探讨了为什么各国对国际标准的反应不同，以及为什么国家遵守一些国际规则而反对另一些国际规则。该项目通过比较自20世纪90年代末以来的规则实施过程，并提供自20世纪60年代以来监管的详细历史记录，来解决这些问题。本研究还将解释中等收入国家如何在国际协调项目的背景下平衡国家福祉优先事项和工业发展成果。在探索使市场商品供应多样化的其他可能性时，这将证明是非常有用的。

While nation-state research proliferates, sub-national analyses of the adoption of global rules are still rare. There is still a limited understanding of the ways in which the layering of multiple norms could produce divergent outcomes. This research will contribute a much-needed analysis of the differences that may exist across policy-issues within one sector. This research investigates the implementation of two international rules that regulate when imports can enter markets, attending to the significance of differences in the rules and in the variation in national priorities. Preliminary research reveals significant cross-national variation within one region in the response to international rules that harmonize regulation. Moreover, there is also within-country variation as countries comply with one international rule but resist the other.This dissertation asks why countries respond differently to international standards but also why states comply with some international rules while resisting others. The project addresses these questions by comparing the implementation process of rules since the late 1990s and providing a detailed historical account of regulation in since the 1960s.This research will also explain how middle-income countries balance national well-being priorities and industrial development outcomes in the context of international harmonization projects. This could prove immensely useful when exploring alternative possibilities for diversifying provision of market goods.