RUI: VOSS: Computational Tools, Virtual Organizing, and Dynamic Innovation Diffusion

RUI：VOSS：计算工具、虚拟组织和动态创新扩散

• 批准号: 1322305
• 负责人: Kerk Kee
• 金额: $ 32.5万
• 依托单位: Chapman University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1322305&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; VOSS; Computational; Tools; Virtual

The motivating vision behind "computational and data-enabled science and engineering" (CDS&E) is that the development, implementation, adoption, use and diffusion of advanced cyberinfrastructure (CI) will revolutionize research and education in the U.S., enhancing the nation's economic competitiveness and maintaining the nation's leadership in science and engineering discovery. However, the implementation and diffusion of CI-enabled science -- and especially the adoption of advanced CDS&E tools -- is not well understood. These next-generation technologies are dynamic to an unprecedented degree, in that they are user-driven, custom-made, produced on demand, and "permanently beta." Most importantly, they are being put to use while simultaneously being developed; and all this is occurring within CI-enabled virtual organizations (VOs), which constantly evolve along with the technologies. This project examines the rise and fall of new computational tools within CI-enabled, virtually-organized science and engineering research. The project employs a grounded-theory approach, to analyze interview data about the emergence of advanced CDS&E tools, and to construct a theoretical framework for understanding dynamic innovation development, use, adoption, implementation, and diffusion within CDS&E VOs. The project's empirical focus will be the NSF-funded Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE; https://www.xsede.org/), a nationwide network of distributed high-performance computing resources. Snowball recruitment will be used to identify domain scientists, computational technologists, and supercomputer center administrators (across e-science projects, institutions, and disciplines) who have experience with adopting, developing, and using computational tools within the XSEDE ecosystem. Interviews will seek to illuminate best practices and common pitfalls in the emergence of advanced computational tools and in the deployment of such tools by practicing CDS&E researchers.Findings from this work will help NSF and other federal agencies to optimize existing and future CI investments. The research may also have implications for commercial and open-source technologies that share some of the dynamic, distributed feedback and network properties of advanced scientific CI -- promising insights that could enhance the development and diffusion of such technologies well beyond the academic science community.

“计算和数据支持的科学与工程”（CDS E）背后的激励愿景是，先进网络基础设施（CI）的开发、实施、采用、使用和传播将彻底改变美国的研究和教育，增强国家的经济竞争力，保持国家在科学和工程发现方面的领先地位。然而，实施和传播的CI使科学-特别是采用先进的CDS E工具-没有得到很好的理解。 这些下一代技术是动态的，达到了前所未有的程度，因为它们是用户驱动的，定制的，按需生产的，并且是“永久测试版”。“最重要的是，它们在被开发的同时被投入使用;所有这一切都发生在支持CI的虚拟组织（VO）中，这些组织随着技术的沿着不断发展。 该项目研究了新的计算工具在CI支持的虚拟组织的科学和工程研究中的兴起和衰落。 该项目采用了交叉理论的方法，分析先进的CDS E工具的出现访谈数据，并构建一个理论框架，了解动态创新的发展，使用，采用，实施和扩散CDS E VOs。该项目的实证重点将是NSF资助的极端科学和工程发现环境（XSEDE; https：//www.xsede.org/），这是一个全国性的分布式高性能计算资源网络。 雪球招聘将用于识别领域科学家，计算技术专家和超级计算机中心管理员（跨电子科学项目，机构和学科），他们具有在XSEDE生态系统中采用，开发和使用计算工具的经验。 采访将寻求照亮先进的计算工具的出现，并在部署这些工具的实践CDS E研究人员的最佳实践和常见的陷阱。这项工作的结果将有助于NSF和其他联邦机构，以优化现有的和未来的CI投资。 这项研究也可能对商业和开源技术产生影响，这些技术共享先进科学CI的一些动态，分布式反馈和网络特性-有希望的见解可以加强这些技术的开发和传播，远远超出学术科学界。