Collaborative Research: Deciphering the regional-versus-global aspects of the Toarcian (Jurassic) Oceanic Anoxic Event in North America

合作研究：破译北美托阿尔纪（侏罗纪）海洋缺氧事件的区域与全球方面

• 批准号: 1324752
• 负责人: Benjamin Gill
• 金额: $ 18.56万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-15 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1324752&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Deciphering; regional; versus

Collaborative Research: Deciphering the regional-versus-global aspectsof the Toarcian (Jurassic) Oceanic Anoxic Event in North AmericabyBenjamin Gill, Virginia Tech University, EAR-1324752Michael Formolo, University of Tulsa, EAR-1324751ABSTRACTThe geologic record contains many past instances of biological crises linked to environmental change. These events can be thought of as past experiments that offer a window into understanding the dynamics of the current and future Earth surface system. The Oceanic Anoxic Events, or OAEs, of the Mesozoic Era (252 to 65 million years ago) are particularly relevant examples to the present changes on Earth. These intervals are notable because they are characterized by widespread marine anoxia and extinction events. OAEs also occur during times of rapid global warming and large disturbances to the global carbon cycle, thought to be associated with increased levels of greenhouse gases. The target of this investigation is the oldest of the Mesozoic OAEs -- the Toarcian OAE of the Early Jurassic (approximately 183 million years ago). Past studies of this event have identified major disturbances to the global carbon and sulfur cycles and the occurrence of widespread marine anoxia. However, to date, the majority of these Toarcian OAE studies come from a relatively confined geographical area in Europe. The incomplete Toarcian geochemical record has led to active debates regarding the global nature of both the changes in the element cycles and the geographic extent of marine anoxia. This study will investigate both the inorganic and organic geochemical record of the Toarcian OAE in North American black shales and carbonates to assess the global-versus-regional nature of the event. Further, these new data will be integrated with the available data from Europe in a comprehensive modeling approach that will test the hypothesized mechanisms that triggered, maintained and terminated this event.This study will have three main broader impact contributions. The first will be the development of graduate students and early career scientists at Virginia Tech and the University of Tulsa. The second will be the development of an educational program through the Museum of Geosciences at Virginia Tech aimed to inform the public about past environmental change on Earth. The Museum of Geosciences offers one of only a few public science venues in the region, and it provides an excellent venue for reaching portions of the population that would not normally be exposed to this science. The last contribution will be the mentorship of undergraduate researchers through the Tulsa Undergraduate Research Challenge (TURC). This program specializes in facilitating research for undergraduate students and community outreach.

合作研究：破译北美Toarcian(侏罗纪)海洋缺氧事件的区域与全球方面弗吉尼亚理工大学本杰明·吉尔，EAR-1324752迈克尔·福莫罗，塔尔萨大学，EAR-1324751摘要地质记录包含许多过去与环境变化有关的生物危机的例子。这些事件可以被认为是过去的实验，为理解当前和未来地球表面系统的动力学提供了一个窗口。中生代(2.52亿至6500万年前)的海洋缺氧事件(OAEs)是与当今地球变化特别相关的例子。这些间隔值得注意，因为它们的特点是广泛的海洋缺氧和物种灭绝事件。OAE还发生在全球快速变暖和全球碳循环受到较大干扰的时期，人们认为这与温室气体水平增加有关。本次调查的目标是中生代最古老的OAE--早侏罗世的托尔西亚OAE(约1.83亿年前)。过去对这一事件的研究已经确定了对全球碳和硫循环的重大干扰以及广泛的海洋缺氧的发生。然而，到目前为止，这些Toarcian OAE研究的大部分来自欧洲相对有限的地理区域。不完整的Toarcian地球化学记录导致了关于元素循环变化的全球性质和海洋缺氧的地理范围的激烈辩论。这项研究将调查北美黑色页岩和碳酸盐中Toarcian OAE的无机和有机地球化学记录，以评估这一事件的全球与区域性质。此外，这些新数据将与来自欧洲的现有数据进行综合建模，以测试触发、维持和终止这一事件的假设机制。这项研究将有三个主要的更广泛的影响贡献。首先是弗吉尼亚理工大学和塔尔萨大学的研究生和早期职业科学家的发展。第二个是通过弗吉尼亚理工大学地球科学博物馆开发一个教育项目，旨在让公众了解地球过去的环境变化。地球科学博物馆提供了该地区仅有的几个公共科学场馆之一，它为接触到通常不会接触到这种科学的部分人口提供了一个极好的场所。最后一项贡献将是通过塔尔萨本科生研究挑战(TURC)对本科生研究人员的指导。该项目致力于促进本科生的研究和社区推广。

项目成果

High-resolution carbon isotope records of the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (Early Jurassic) from North America and implications for the global drivers of the Toarcian carbon cycle

• DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.11.021
• 发表时间: 2017-02
• 期刊: Earth and Planetary Science Letters
• 影响因子: 5.3
• 作者: T. Them;Benjamin C Gill;A. Caruthers;D. Gröcke;E. T. Tulsky;R. Martindale;T. Poulton;Paul L. Smith-Paul-L.

A new Early Jurassic (ca. 183 Ma) fossil Lagerstätte from Ya Ha Tinda, Alberta, Canada

加拿大艾伯塔省亚哈廷达的一个新的早侏罗世（约 183 Ma）化石 Lagerstätte

• DOI: 10.1130/g38808.1
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Geology
• 影响因子: 5.8
• 作者: Martindale, Rowan C.;Them, Theodore R.;Gill, Benjamin C.;Marroquín, Selva M.;Knoll, Andrew H.
• 通讯作者: Knoll, Andrew H.