Collaborative Research: Deciphering the regional-versus-global aspects of the Toarcian (Jurassic) Oceanic Anoxic Event in North America

合作研究：破译北美托阿尔纪（侏罗纪）海洋缺氧事件的区域与全球方面

• 批准号: 1324752
• 负责人: Benjamin Gill
• 金额: $ 18.56万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-15 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1324752&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Deciphering; regional; versus

Collaborative Research: Deciphering the regional-versus-global aspectsof the Toarcian (Jurassic) Oceanic Anoxic Event in North AmericabyBenjamin Gill, Virginia Tech University, EAR-1324752Michael Formolo, University of Tulsa, EAR-1324751ABSTRACTThe geologic record contains many past instances of biological crises linked to environmental change. These events can be thought of as past experiments that offer a window into understanding the dynamics of the current and future Earth surface system. The Oceanic Anoxic Events, or OAEs, of the Mesozoic Era (252 to 65 million years ago) are particularly relevant examples to the present changes on Earth. These intervals are notable because they are characterized by widespread marine anoxia and extinction events. OAEs also occur during times of rapid global warming and large disturbances to the global carbon cycle, thought to be associated with increased levels of greenhouse gases. The target of this investigation is the oldest of the Mesozoic OAEs -- the Toarcian OAE of the Early Jurassic (approximately 183 million years ago). Past studies of this event have identified major disturbances to the global carbon and sulfur cycles and the occurrence of widespread marine anoxia. However, to date, the majority of these Toarcian OAE studies come from a relatively confined geographical area in Europe. The incomplete Toarcian geochemical record has led to active debates regarding the global nature of both the changes in the element cycles and the geographic extent of marine anoxia. This study will investigate both the inorganic and organic geochemical record of the Toarcian OAE in North American black shales and carbonates to assess the global-versus-regional nature of the event. Further, these new data will be integrated with the available data from Europe in a comprehensive modeling approach that will test the hypothesized mechanisms that triggered, maintained and terminated this event.This study will have three main broader impact contributions. The first will be the development of graduate students and early career scientists at Virginia Tech and the University of Tulsa. The second will be the development of an educational program through the Museum of Geosciences at Virginia Tech aimed to inform the public about past environmental change on Earth. The Museum of Geosciences offers one of only a few public science venues in the region, and it provides an excellent venue for reaching portions of the population that would not normally be exposed to this science. The last contribution will be the mentorship of undergraduate researchers through the Tulsa Undergraduate Research Challenge (TURC). This program specializes in facilitating research for undergraduate students and community outreach.

Collaborative Research: Deciphering the regional-versus-global aspectsof the Toarcian (Jurassic) Oceanic Anoxic Event in North AmericabyBenjamin Gill, Virginia Tech University, EAR-1324752Michael Formolo, University of Tulsa, EAR-1324751ABSTRACTThe geologic record contains many past instances of biological crises linked to environmental change.可以将这些事件视为过去的实验，这些实验为理解当前和未来地面表面系统的动态提供了一个窗口。中生代时代（252至6500万年前）的海洋缺氧事件（或OAE）与当前地球上的变化是特别相关的例子。这些间隔之所以值得注意，是因为它们的特征是广泛的海洋缺氧和灭绝事件。 OAE也发生在全球快速变暖的时期，并对全球碳周期发生大量干扰，这与温室气体的水平增加有关。这项调查的目标是中生代oaes中最古老的目标 - 侏罗纪早期的托尔西安（Toarcian Oae）（大约1.83亿年前）。过去对这一事件的研究确定了对全球碳和硫周期的重大干扰以及广泛的海洋缺氧的发生。但是，迄今为止，这些托尔西亚OAE研究中的大多数来自欧洲相对密闭的地理区域。不完整的托尔西亚地球化学记录导致有关元素周期变化和海洋缺氧的地理范围的全球性质的积极辩论。这项研究将调查北美黑色页岩和碳酸盐中托尔西亚OAE的无机和有机地球化学记录，以评估事件的全球与区域性性质。此外，这些新数据将与欧洲的可用数据集成到一种全面的建模方法，该方法将测试触发，维护和终止该事件的假设机制。这项研究将具有三个主要的较广泛的影响贡献。首先是弗吉尼亚理工大学和塔尔萨大学的研究生和早期职业科学家的发展。第二个是通过弗吉尼亚理工学院的地球科学博物馆制定教育计划，旨在告知公众过去的地球上环境变化。地球科学博物馆提供该地区仅有的少数几个公共科学场所之一，它为达到通常不会接触到该科学的人口的部分场所提供了一个绝佳的场所。最后的贡献是通过塔尔萨大学大学研究挑战赛（TURC）的本科研究人员的指导。该计划专门促进针对本科生和社区宣传的研究。

项目成果

High-resolution carbon isotope records of the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (Early Jurassic) from North America and implications for the global drivers of the Toarcian carbon cycle

• DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.11.021
• 发表时间: 2017-02
• 期刊: Earth and Planetary Science Letters
• 影响因子: 5.3
• 作者: T. Them;Benjamin C Gill;A. Caruthers;D. Gröcke;E. T. Tulsky;R. Martindale;T. Poulton;Paul L. Smith-Paul-L.

A new Early Jurassic (ca. 183 Ma) fossil Lagerstätte from Ya Ha Tinda, Alberta, Canada

加拿大艾伯塔省亚哈廷达的一个新的早侏罗世（约 183 Ma）化石 Lagerstätte

• DOI: 10.1130/g38808.1
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Geology
• 影响因子: 5.8
• 作者: Martindale, Rowan C.;Them, Theodore R.;Gill, Benjamin C.;Marroquín, Selva M.;Knoll, Andrew H.
• 通讯作者: Knoll, Andrew H.