Doctoral Dissertation Research: Ethnicity, Substrate Effects, and Sound Change in New York City

博士论文研究：纽约市的种族、基质效应和声音变化

• 批准号: 1324916
• 负责人: Gregory Guy
• 金额: $ 1.31万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-15 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1324916&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Ethnicity; Substrate

Ethnicity and race have been pivotal in analyses of linguistic variation in the United States. A strong ethnic identity and non-alignment with the majority "white" group has been commonly taken to account for the presence of distinct features, as well as the absence of regional dialect features, in the speech of minority groups. This dissertation research aims to further our understanding of the social and linguistic factors that determine an ethnic group's choice of variables by investigating how the speech of white ethnics (Polish Americans) who grew up in a majority minority setting (New York City) reflects their complex identities.With the goal of unpacking speakers' complex identities, such as "Polish", "white" and "New Yorker", this research analyzes the co-occurrence of potential substrate effects from Polish and regional features of New York City English in the speech of individual speakers. On the linguistic level, this research investigates whether the presence of one substrate effect entails the presence of another, and whether the presence of one substrate effect can block the adoption of a regional feature. On the social level, through a self-reported Polish orientation survey, this research explores whether a strong Polish cultural orientation and frequent use of Polish are good predictors of the occurrence and rates of substrate effects. Social and linguistic data will be collected through sociolinguistic interviews with first and second generation bilingual Polish Americans. Additional data will come from reading tasks, a Polish cultural orientation survey, and ethnographic observations.This research will be of interest to educators and parents of bilingual children whose foreign accents may cause them stigmatization in schools, the workforce, and the legal system due to negative language attitudes. A deeper understanding of how a speaker's first language (L1) can influence the second language (L2) could help educators and caregivers to distinguish ethnic features from learning disabilities. Funding this award will enhance the training of a promising graduate student.

民族和种族一直是美国语言变异分析的关键。人们通常认为，少数群体的语言具有鲜明的特点，而没有区域方言特点，这是因为少数群体具有强烈的民族特征，而且与多数“白色”群体不一致。本论文旨在通过调查白色族群的言语是如何影响语言变量选择的，以进一步了解影响族群语言变量选择的社会和语言因素（波兰裔美国人）在少数民族占多数的环境中长大的人（纽约市）反映了他们复杂的身份。以解开说话者复杂的身份为目标，如“波兰人”、“白色人”和“纽约人”，本研究分析了波兰语和纽约市英语的地域特征在个体说话者言语中的潜在基底效应的共现。在语言学层面上，本研究探讨了一种基底效应的存在是否意味着另一种基底效应的存在，以及一种基底效应的存在是否会阻碍区域特征的采用。在社会层面上，通过自我报告的波兰方向调查，本研究探讨是否强烈的波兰文化取向和频繁使用波兰语是很好的预测发生率和基板效应。社会和语言数据将通过与第一代和第二代双语波兰裔美国人的社会语言学访谈收集。额外的数据将来自阅读任务，波兰文化取向调查，和ethnographic observations.This research will be interested to the educators and parents of bilingual children of the foreign accents may cause them stigmatization in schools，workers，and the法律的system due to negative language attitudes.更深入地了解说话者的第一语言（L1）如何影响第二语言（L2），可以帮助教育工作者和护理人员区分种族特征和学习障碍。资助这个奖项将加强一个有前途的研究生的培训。