AGS-PRF: Understanding the Nature of Turbulent Fluctuations in the Near Sun Solar Wind

这是一个为期两年的研究生奖学金研究项目，旨在研究近太阳等离子体中的湍流及其在日冕加热和太阳风加速中的作用。该项目的目的是预测即将到来的欧空局/太阳探测器Plus和美国宇航局/太阳轨道飞行器任务将在阿尔芬临界点附近和临界点内就地测量的湍流波动的定性性质，并为解释这些测量结果创建一个理论框架。利用？综合航天器数据方法？由PI在其研究生研究期间开发的，以及各种湍流和日冕加热模型，将追求三个具体目标：1)量化由于违反泰勒假设而在阿尔芬临界点附近和内部测量的功率谱的变化，并利用这些变化来验证哨声和/或动力学阿尔芬波的存在；2)编制一套可观测特征，可用于现场观测，以区分各种日冕加热机制；3)使用非线性模拟作为综合数据方法有效性的单独检验。这项工作将在Chandran教授的指导下在新罕布什尔大学进行。湍流在等离子体加热和加速中的作用是等离子体物理的基本问题，这是从事天体物理等离子体（如吸积盘和年轻恒星的磁层）、空间物理（如太阳风和行星磁层）和实验室等离子体（如聚变反应堆）研究的广泛科学界感兴趣的问题。这项工作将由一名刚毕业的博士研究生完成，作为他在地球空间社区的教学和研究生涯的介绍。

This is a 2-year postgraduate fellowship research project to study turbulence in the near-Sun plasma and its role in solar corona heating and in solar wind acceleration. The project aims both to predict the qualitative properties of the turbulent fluctuations that will be measured in situ by the upcoming ESA/ Solar Probe Plus and NASA/ Solar Orbiter missions near and within the Alfven critical point and to create a theoretical framework for the interpretation of these measurements. Utilizing the ?synthetic spacecraft data method? developed by the PI during his graduate research, together with various turbulence and coronal heating models, three specific objectives will be pursued: 1) Quantifying changes in the measured power spectra near and within the Alfvenic critical point due to the violation of Taylor's Hypothesis and using these changes to verify the presence of whistler and/or kinetic Alfven waves; 2) Compiling a set of observable signatures which can be used with in situ observations to distinguish between various coronal heating mechanisms; and 3) Using nonlinear simulations as a separate check of the validity of the synthetic data method. The work will be carried out at University of New Hampshire under the mentorship of Professor Chandran. The role of turbulence in plasma heating and acceleration are fundamental plasma physics problems that are of interest to a broad scientific community working on astrophysical plasmas (e.g. accretion disks and magnetospheres of young stars), space physics (e.g. solar wind and planetary magnetospheres), and laboratory plasmas (e.g. fusion reactors). The work will be done by a recent Ph.D. graduate as his introduction into a teaching and research career in the geospace community.