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Collaborative Research: Oxygenation of Hydrocarbons in the Ocean

合作研究：海洋中碳氢化合物的氧化

基本信息

批准号：
1333026
负责人：
Charles Sharpless
金额：
$ 10.68万
依托单位：
University of Mary Washington
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-10-01 至 2017-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1333026&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Oxygenation Hydrocarbons Ocean

项目摘要

More than 400,000 tons of petroleum hydrocarbons are released annually into the ocean, where they are subject to physical, chemical and biological processes, known as weathering, that are known to remove select hydrocarbons from the ocean. However, little attention has been given to the residues left by the weathering of oil, and studies indicate that oxygenation of these hydrocarbons can play a part in the formation of recalcitrant tar and toxic compounds. To address this gap, researchers from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, University of Mary Washington, and University of California Santa Barbara will conduct research to lay a scientific foundation for understanding 1) which processes control the formation of oxygenated hydrocarbons, 2) the rates of these processes, 3) the identity of the major products, 4) the rates at which they are formed and destroyed, and 5) for distinguishing photochemical oxygenation from biological oxygenation. The results from these experiments will contribute to a better understanding of the petroleum oxygenation processes and the environmental fate of understudied oxygenation products.Broader Impacts: This study will provide for several undergraduates and two postdoctoral scholars to be trained in innovative analytical and experimental techniques. The results of this effort will help regulatory agencies to define new analytical methods and target compounds for oil spill research, and will add to our understanding regarding the fate and impacts of hydrocarbons released into the ocean.

每年有40多万吨石油碳氢化合物被释放到海洋中，在那里它们受到称为风化的物理、化学和生物过程的影响，这些过程已知会从海洋中清除某些碳氢化合物。然而，很少有人注意到石油风化后留下的残留物，研究表明，这些碳氢化合物的氧化作用可能在形成难消化的焦油和有毒化合物方面发挥作用。为了解决这一差距，来自伍兹霍尔海洋研究所、玛丽大学华盛顿和加州大学圣巴巴拉的研究人员将进行研究，为理解1）哪些过程控制含氧烃的形成，2）这些过程的速率，3）主要产物的身份，4）它们形成和破坏的速率，和5）用于区分光化学氧化和生物氧化。这些实验的结果将有助于更好地了解石油氧化过程和欠研究的氧化产物的环境命运。更广泛的影响：这项研究将为几名本科生和两名博士后学者提供创新的分析和实验技术方面的培训。这项工作的结果将有助于监管机构确定新的分析方法和漏油研究的目标化合物，并将增加我们对释放到海洋中的碳氢化合物的命运和影响的理解。