The Genetic Architecture of Tillering in Panicoid Cereals

黍类谷物分蘖的遗传结构

• 批准号: 1339332
• 负责人: Andrew Doust
• 金额: $ 317.93万
• 依托单位: Oklahoma State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2020-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1339332&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Genetic; Architecture; Tillering; Panicoid; Cereals

PI: Andrew Doust (Oklahoma State University - Stillwater) CoPIs: Julie Angle (Oklahoma State University - Stillwater), George Chuck (University of California - Berkeley), Jennifer Hawkins (West Virginia University - Morgantown), and Clint Whipple (Brigham Young University - Provo) Tillers are axillary branches that are initiated at the base of the grass plant and that create the characteristic tufted form of most grasses. They play important roles in grain yield and biomass accumulation, and understanding the genetic signals that regulate the number, size and fertility of tillers is of critical importance for optimizing yield potential in the world's major food, animal feed and biofuel grass crops. In addition, the initiation of tillers is important for perenniality in many grasses, and as such, full knowledge of the tillering pathway will contribute to the development of perennial biofuel and grain crops. The panicoid grasses are immensely important for all of these uses, and the full suite of genes that comprise the tillering pathway and the components that have been selected during domestication are largely unknown. This project exploits evolutionary variation and changes during domestication in three panicoid cereals (maize, sorghum and foxtail millet) and their wild, highly tillered ancestors to uncover the genetic regulation and evolutionary modification of tillering. Forward and reverse genetic approaches and transcriptomic analysis in both ancestral and domesticated backgrounds will provide insight into the gene networks necessary for growth and development of tillers in panicoid grasses. It is anticipated that the results from this comparative project will extend to and inform experiments across a wide range of agronomically important taxa.In addition to training postdoctoral associates and graduate and undergraduate students, this project aims to immerse high school science teachers from rural schools and from areas serving high proportions of underrepresented student populations in a research environment that will be combined with professional development activities. This immersion experience will help educators gain an explicit view of how scientific knowledge is generated and will assist with their own curriculum development. They will implement this new content knowledge and pedagogical skills into their existing curriculum, mentoring students and preservice teachers in student research projects, and coaching students in science fair competitions. Scientific findings and educational outreach experiences will be shared at science and education conferences and through publication in scientific and practitioner journals. All data produced in this project will be accessible through a project website (http://tillering.okstate.edu) and long-term through public repositories including GenBank, Gramene, MaizeGDB and PLEXdb. Curriculum materials and lesson plans will be made available as they are produced at http://tillering.okstate.edu. Germplasm resources will be available upon request or through the Maize Genetics Cooperation Stock Center (http://maizecoop.cropsci.uiuc.edu).

主要研究者：Andrew Doust（俄克拉荷马州州立大学-斯蒂尔沃特）CoPI：Julie Angle（俄克拉荷马州州立大学-斯蒂尔沃特）、乔治Chuck（加州大学-伯克利）、Jennifer Hawkins（西弗吉尼亚大学-摩根敦）和克林特维普莱（杨百翰大学-普罗沃）分蘖是从禾本科植物基部开始的腋生枝，形成大多数草的典型簇状形态。 它们在谷物产量和生物量积累方面发挥着重要作用，了解调节分蘖数量、大小和生育力的遗传信号对于优化世界主要粮食、动物饲料和生物燃料草作物的产量潜力至关重要。此外，分蘖的启动对于许多禾本科植物的多年生性是重要的，因此，对分蘖途径的充分了解将有助于多年生生物燃料和粮食作物的发展。对于所有这些用途来说，圆锥花序草都非常重要，而构成分蘖途径的全套基因以及在驯化过程中选择的组分在很大程度上是未知的。 该项目利用三种panicoid谷物（玉米，高粱和谷子）及其野生高度分蘖的祖先在驯化过程中的进化变异和变化，以揭示分蘖的遗传调控和进化修饰。 正向和反向遗传的方法和转录组学分析在祖先和驯化的背景下，将提供深入了解必要的基因网络的生长和发展的分蘖在panicoid草。预计这一比较项目的结果将扩展到广泛的农学重要类群的实验，并为这些实验提供信息。除了培训博士后助理和研究生及本科生外，该项目旨在使来自农村学校和代表性不足的学生比例高的地区的高中科学教师沉浸在一个与专业发展相结合的研究环境中活动这种沉浸式体验将有助于教育工作者明确了解科学知识是如何产生的，并将有助于他们自己的课程开发。 他们将把这些新的内容知识和教学技能应用到现有的课程中，在学生研究项目中指导学生和职前教师，并在科学博览会竞赛中指导学生。 将在科学和教育会议上以及通过在科学和从业人员杂志上发表文章，分享科学发现和教育推广经验。该项目产生的所有数据都可通过项目网站（http：//www.example.com）查阅，并可长期通过包括GenBank、Gramene、MaizeGDB和PLEXdb在内的公共资料库查阅。tillering.okstate.edu 课程材料和课程计划将在http://tillering.okstate.edu上提供。种质资源将根据要求或通过玉米遗传合作储备中心（http：//www.example.com）提供。maizecoop.cropsci.uiuc.edu