Inactivation of microRNAs in Crop Plants Using Short Tandem Target Mimic (STTM) Technology

使用短串联靶标模拟 (STTM) 技术灭活作物中的 microRNA

• 批准号: 1340001
• 负责人: Guiliang Tang
• 金额: $ 250万
• 依托单位: Michigan Technological University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1340001&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Inactivation; microRNAs; Crop; Plants; Using

PI: Guiliang Tang (Michigan Technological University, Houghton) CoPIs: Xuemei Chen and Wenbo Ma (University of California, Riverside), Harold N. Trick (Kansas State University), and Hairong Wei (Michigan Technological University, Houghton) Key Collaborator: Kan Wang (Iowa State University) Small RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), play central roles in growth and development, epigenetics, genome integrity, defense against pathogen infection, and responses to environmental changes in plants. miRNAs are especially important in controlling plant development, productivity, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses by negatively regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Hundreds to thousands of miRNAs have been identified from dozens of plant species. However, their roles in plant development and response against various pathogens and other stresses are largely unknown. This project will integrate the most recent cutting-edge genomics technology into the study of miRNAs in crop plants. Students at all levels of education will be engaged in a variety of activities including teaching, training, learning workshops, and technology-extension. The project will provide research training in small tandem target mimic (STTM) technology, rice transformation, and functional studies of miRNAs for postdoctoral associates, graduate and undergraduate students. Underrepresented minorities and women, as well as students from the Upper Peninsula region of Great Lakes, will be targeted and recruited. The project will also organize and hold a training workshop in STTM construction. The knowledge provided by this project will be disseminated to the public at large through informal talks at appropriate community venues. This work will address key mechanistic hypotheses regarding miRNA evolution by answering important questions: Why do plants need so many miRNAs? Are they essential? What are their functional conservation and diversification in different plant lineages? This project will develop miRNA "knockdown" populations in selected agriculturally important crops as a pilot project using the recently developed STTM technology. These mutant populations will be further used to investigate the functional conservation and diversification of six highly conserved families of plant miRNAs, and to study the regulatory role of miRNAs in plant-microbe interactions. The project will provide a resource database, application and service for web-based materials transfer and distribution. All sequence data will be deposited at Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). STTM constructs, STTM seeds of rice, maize, Arabidopsis and soybean for use in basic biology in plant science and crop improvement will be available upon request.

首席研究员：唐桂良（密歇根理工大学，霍顿） 共同首席研究员：陈雪梅和马文波（加州大学河滨分校）、Harold N. Trick（堪萨斯州立大学）和魏海荣（密歇根理工大学，霍顿） 关键合作者：王侃（爱荷华州立大学） 小 RNA，包括 microRNA (miRNA) 和小干扰 RNA (siRNA)，在植物的生长和发育、表观遗传学、基因组完整性、防御病原体感染以及对环境变化的反应中发挥着核心作用。 miRNA 通过在转录后水平负向调节基因表达，在控制植物发育、生产力以及对生物和非生物胁迫的反应方面尤其重要。已从数十种植物中鉴定出数百至数千种 miRNA。然而，它们在植物发育以及对各种病原体和其他胁迫的反应中的作用在很大程度上尚不清楚。 该项目将把最新的尖端基因组学技术整合到农作物中的miRNA研究中。 各级教育的学生将参与各种活动，包括教学、培训、学习研讨会和技术推广。该项目将为博士后、研究生和本科生提供小型串联靶标模拟（STTM）技术、水稻转化和 miRNA 功能研究方面的研究培训。 代表性不足的少数族裔和妇女以及来自五大湖区上半岛地区的学生将成为目标和招募对象。项目还将组织举办STTM建设培训班。 该项目提供的知识将通过在适当的社区场所举行的非正式会谈向广大公众传播。这项工作将通过回答以下重要问题来解决有关 miRNA 进化的关键机制假设：为什么植物需要如此多的 miRNA？它们是必不可少的吗？它们在不同植物谱系中的功能保护和多样化是什么？该项目将使用最近开发的 STTM 技术，作为试点项目，在选定的重要农业作物中开发 miRNA“击倒”群体。这些突变群体将进一步用于研究6个高度保守的植物miRNA家族的功能保守性和多样化，并研究miRNA在植物-微生物相互作用中的调节作用。该项目将为基于网络的材料传输和分发提供资源数据库、应用程序和服务。 所有序列数据将存放在 Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) 中。 用于植物科学和作物改良基础生物学的 STTM 构建体、水稻、玉米、拟南芥和大豆的 STTM 种子将根据要求提供。