Understanding Cratons and their Margins: Insights From Body and Surface Waves
了解克拉通及其边缘:来自体波和表面波的见解
基本信息
- 批准号:1345143
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 23.14万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2014
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2014-02-01 至 2017-01-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Much remains to be learned about the cratonic lithosphere, including the physical and compositional properties that distinguish its mantle from the underlying asthenosphere, how its motion couples to flow in the asthenosphere, and the processes by which it formed. To gain insight on these topics, we will combine the complementary resolving power of scattered waves (Sp and Ps) and anisotropic surface wave tomography in the interior and across the margin of the Baltic Shield, where dense arrays of permanent and temporary broadband stations exist, and the central U.S. craton and its margins, where the EarthScope Transportable Array and other stations provide excellent sampling. We will image crust and mantle discontinuities with Sp and Ps phases, constrain crust and mantle velocities and attenuation with Love and Rayleigh wave tomography, and carry out joint inversions that integrate surface wave, Sp, Ps and other data to derive 3D azimuthally anisotropic models of the lithosphere and asthenosphere. This work will help to constrain whether the vertical gradient in shear velocity between the lithosphere and asthenosphere (the seismological lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary) fundamentally differs between cratonic and non-cratonic continental lithosphere. We will interpret these results in terms of contrasts in temperature, bulk composition, volatiles, melt content and grain size between the lithosphere and asthenosphere. Within the body of the cratonic lithosphere, negative velocity gradients at mid-lithospheric depths have been observed with Sp and Ps phases, often coinciding with the "8˚ discontinuity" first seen in long-range seismic profiles, and, in North America, with a vertical gradient in the fast direction of azimuthal anisotropy from long-period-waveform tomography. We will obtain new resolution of the internal structure of the cratonic lithosphere in the central U.S. and Baltic shield, and we will use these results to test models for the processes that formed the cratonic mantle or contributed to its subsequent evolution. Finally, shearing in the asthenosphere relative to the lithosphere will cause vertical gradients in the orientation of azimuthal anisotropy. This work will constrain the distribution of azimuthal anisotropy in the mantle beneath the Baltic Shield and central U.S. cratons, allowing us to assess the geometry of shear in the sub-continental asthenosphere and how continental plate motion is coupled to the asthenosphere across the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary.Cratons represent ancient, stable regions of the continental lithosphere that have not undergone major tectonic activity for the last ~550 million years or more. Geophysical and geological evidence has shown most cratons are underlain by layers of mantle with anomalously high seismic wavespeeds that represent mantle lithosphere that is cold and chemically distinct from the asthenosphere, and whose thickness is much greater than the surrounding, younger lithosphere. However, much remains to be learned about the physical and chemical properties of the cratonic mantle lithosphere and how it differs from the underlying, weaker asthenospheric mantle. In this research we are improving models for the structure of the cratonic mantle and asthenosphere beneath cratonic regions in northern Europe and the central U.S.; in the latter region we are employing data from the EarthScope Transportable Array as well as other stations. Our approach combines seismic waves that are sensitive to localized gradients in seismic velocity structure with those that reflect volume-averaged velocity structure. The improved constraints on mantle structure will help to test models for how the cratonic mantle lithosphere formed, how it has evolved over time, and how its plate motion relates to flow and deformation in the asthenosphere.
关于地幔岩石圈还有很多东西需要了解,包括区分地幔和下面的软流圈的物理和成分特性,它的运动如何耦合到软流圈中的流动,以及它形成的过程。为了深入了解这些主题,我们将结合联合收割机的散射波(Sp和Ps)和各向异性表面波层析成像的互补分辨率在内部和整个波罗的海盾的边缘,在那里的密集阵列的永久性和临时的宽带站存在,并在美国中央克拉通及其边缘,其中EarthScope移动式阵列和其他站提供了良好的采样。 我们将用Sp和Ps相位成像地壳和地幔不连续性,用Love和Rayleigh波层析成像限制地壳和地幔速度和衰减,并进行联合反演,将面波,Sp,Ps和其他数据整合在一起,以获得岩石圈和软流圈的三维方位各向异性模型。 这项工作将有助于限制岩石圈和软流圈之间的剪切速度的垂直梯度(地震学岩石圈-软流圈边界)是否根本上不同的岩石圈和非岩石圈的大陆岩石圈。 我们将解释这些结果的岩石圈和软流圈之间的温度,散装成分,挥发分,熔体含量和粒度的对比。 在超声波岩石圈的主体内,在岩石圈中部深度的负速度梯度已被观察到具有Sp和Ps相位,通常与首次在长距离地震剖面中看到的“8#730;不连续性”相一致,并且在北美,在长周期波形层析成像的方位角各向异性的快速方向上具有垂直梯度。 我们将获得新的分辨率的内部结构的岩石圈在美国中部和波罗的海盾,我们将使用这些结果来测试模型的过程中形成的岩石圈地幔或有助于其随后的演变。 最后,软流圈相对于岩石圈的剪切作用将引起方位各向异性方向的垂直梯度。 这项工作将限制波罗的海地盾和美国中部地幔中方位各向异性的分布,使我们能够评估次大陆软流圈中剪切的几何形状以及大陆板块运动如何通过岩石圈-软流圈边界耦合到软流圈。大陆岩石圈的稳定区域,在过去~ 5.5亿年或更长时间内没有发生重大构造活动。 地球物理和地质证据表明,大多数地幔岩的下面都有地幔层,这些地幔层具有非常高的地震波速,代表了地幔岩石圈,它的温度和化学性质与软流圈不同,其厚度比周围的年轻岩石圈要大得多。 然而,仍有许多需要了解的物理和化学性质的软流圈地幔岩石圈,以及它如何不同于下伏的,较弱的软流圈地幔。 在这项研究中,我们正在改进北方欧洲和美国中部的地幔和软流层结构模型;在后一个区域,我们使用来自地球观测可移动阵列以及其他台站的数据。 我们的方法结合了地震波,是敏感的局部梯度的地震速度结构与那些反映体积平均速度结构。 对地幔结构的改进约束将有助于测试模型,以了解地幔岩石圈如何形成,它如何随着时间的推移而演变,以及板块运动如何与软流圈中的流动和变形相关。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Karen Fischer其他文献
Rheumatoid arthritis: connection to a rapid evolution mechanism?
类风湿性关节炎:与快速进化机制的联系?
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
1987 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.7
- 作者:
Karen Fischer - 通讯作者:
Karen Fischer
HOSPITAL AND POST-DISCHARGE OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS ON ANTICOAGULATION FOLLOWING MAJOR TRAUMA
重大创伤后接受抗凝治疗患者的医院和出院后结局
- DOI:
10.1016/s0735-1097(25)02899-2 - 发表时间:
2025-04-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:22.300
- 作者:
Max Guarda;Renu Bhargavi Boyapati;Karen Fischer;Eileen Russell;Robert D. McBane;Sandeep Pagali - 通讯作者:
Sandeep Pagali
731 PROSPECTIVE NON-RANDOMIZED COMPARISON OF SURGICAL INVASIVENESS OF EXTRAPERITONEAL LAPAROSCOPIC AND OPEN RETROPUBIC RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY
- DOI:
10.1016/j.juro.2010.02.1219 - 发表时间:
2010-04-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
M. Raschid Hoda;Francesco Greco;Amir Hamza;Karen Fischer;Paolo Fornara - 通讯作者:
Paolo Fornara
Intensive Dynamic Back Exercises With or Without Hyperextension in Chronic Back Pain After Surgery for Lumbar Disc Protrusion: A Clinical Trial
腰椎间盘突出手术后慢性背痛伴或不伴过度伸展的强化动态背部锻炼:一项临床试验
- DOI:
10.1097/00007632-199304000-00007 - 发表时间:
1993 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3
- 作者:
C. Manniche;K. Asmussen;B. Lauritsen;H. Vinterberg;Henriette Karbo;Sonja Abildstrup;Karen Fischer;Rikke Krebs;Kirsten Ibsen - 通讯作者:
Kirsten Ibsen
Multiple sclerosis and the evolution of growth hormone mechanisms in man.
多发性硬化症和人类生长激素机制的进化。
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
1988 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.7
- 作者:
Karen Fischer - 通讯作者:
Karen Fischer
Karen Fischer的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Karen Fischer', 18)}}的其他基金
REU Site: Dynamic Earth in the 21st Century: Undergraduate Research on the Evolution of Earth's Interior, Surface and Climate
REU 网站:21 世纪的动态地球:地球内部、表面和气候演化的本科生研究
- 批准号:
2243857 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 23.14万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Investigating intraplate melting processes in northwest New Zealand with seismic imaging
合作研究:利用地震成像研究新西兰西北部的板内熔融过程
- 批准号:
2241064 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 23.14万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Probing the Western Antarctic Lithosphere and Asthenosphere with New Approaches to Imaging Seismic Wave Attenuation and Velocity
利用地震波衰减和速度成像新方法探测南极西部岩石圈和软流圈
- 批准号:
2201129 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 23.14万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
REU Site: Creating research pathways and enhancing diversity through the study of Earth's interior, surface, and climate
REU 网站:通过研究地球内部、表面和气候来创建研究途径并增强多样性
- 批准号:
1852273 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 23.14万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Deciphering upper plate deformation and faulting processes in Central America with integrated geodetic and seismic analyses
合作研究:通过综合大地测量和地震分析解读中美洲上部板块变形和断层过程
- 批准号:
1822485 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 23.14万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Understanding lithospheric structure and deformation in Alaska via integration of seismic imaging and geodynamic modeling
合作研究:通过地震成像和地球动力学建模的整合了解阿拉斯加的岩石圈结构和变形
- 批准号:
1829401 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 23.14万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
CSEDI Collaborative Research: C-O-H Volatile Metasomatism in the Cratonic Mantle - Implications for Mid-Lithospheric Discontinuities
CSEDI 合作研究:克拉通地幔中的 C-O-H 挥发性交代作用 - 对中岩石圈间断面的影响
- 批准号:
1763243 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 23.14万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Investigating Lithospheric Evolution Beneath the Southern and Northeastern United States
合作研究:调查美国南部和东北部的岩石圈演化
- 批准号:
1614066 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 23.14万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
CSEDI: Layering within cratonic lithosphere: Integrated constraints from xenoliths, seismic structure and geodynamical modeling
CSEDI:克拉通岩石圈内的分层:捕虏体、地震结构和地球动力学建模的综合约束
- 批准号:
1361487 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 23.14万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Investigating the mantle expression of continental strike-slip fault systems with scattered wave imaging of the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary
利用岩石圈-软流圈边界散射波成像研究大陆走滑断层系地幔表现
- 批准号:
1416753 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 23.14万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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