RAPID: Engineering Damage Assessment in the Aftermath of the 2013 Moore, Oklahoma Tornado

RAPID：2013 年俄克拉荷马州摩尔龙卷风过后的工程损害评估

• 批准号: 1345311
• 负责人: Andrew Graettinger
• 金额: $ 1.98万
• 依托单位: University of Alabama Tuscaloosa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-15 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1345311&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Engineering; Damage; Assessment; Aftermath

This Rapid Research Grant (RAPID) provides funding to collect structural damage data that was caused by the EF 5 tornado in the city of Moore, Oklahoma on May 20, 2013. The damage path of this tornado overlaps the damage paths of two previous tornadoes of 1999 and 2003. It would be interesting to see how the houses reconstructed after the previous tornadoes perform in this tornado. Even though there are close to 1,000 tornadoes recorded each year, typically less than 10 tornadoes are rated EF 4 and EF 5. When an EF 5 tornado impacts a city there is a unique opportunity to document and learn from the building damage. This tornado damaged two schools, dozens of commercial buildings, and over one thousand residential structures. RAPID funding provides an opportunity to document the structural damage before cleanup efforts remove the debris. The project team will work with other RAPID grantee teams in the field to improve coverage of the damage area and avoid duplication. The team of faculty members and students will travel to the damage site and document failure modes, materials of construction, location of structures with respect to the center of the path, and debris impacts for each documented structure. Social media (twitter) will be used to obtain photos and comments made by citizens. The mining of the social media will enhance damage documentation at specific locations. The RAPID team will develop contour maps of EF ratings and wind speeds based on observed Degrees of Damage. These maps will be compared with past tornado studies to evaluate the similarities and differences. This comparison will contribute to the understanding of the spatial characteristics of tornado wind forces on structures. Building failure progression will be determined in different wind speed zones. The benefits and challenges of using social media to improve disaster assessment will be determined.

快速研究基金（Rapid）为收集2013年5月20日俄克拉何马州摩尔市EF - 5龙卷风造成的结构损坏数据提供资金。这次龙卷风的破坏路径与1999年和2003年两次龙卷风的破坏路径重叠。看看之前龙卷风后重建的房屋在这次龙卷风中的表现会很有趣。尽管每年有近1000次龙卷风的记录，但通常只有不到10次的龙卷风被评为EF 4和EF 5。当一场EF - 5级龙卷风袭击一座城市时，这是一个记录并从建筑物损坏中吸取教训的独特机会。这场龙卷风破坏了两所学校，数十座商业建筑和1000多座住宅建筑。RAPID基金提供了一个机会，在清理工作清除碎片之前记录结构损坏。项目小组将在实地与RAPID的其他受助小组合作，以改善受损地区的覆盖范围并避免重复。由教师和学生组成的团队将前往受损地点，记录故障模式、建筑材料、结构相对于路径中心的位置，以及每个记录结构的碎片影响。社交媒体（推特）将被用来获取公民的照片和评论。社交媒体的挖掘将加强对特定地点的损害记录。RAPID小组将根据观测到的破坏程度，绘制EF等级和风速等高线地图。这些地图将与过去的龙卷风研究进行比较，以评估相似性和差异性。这种比较将有助于理解龙卷风风力作用于建筑物的空间特征。在不同的风速区将确定建筑物的破坏进程。将确定利用社会媒体改进灾害评估的好处和挑战。