CAREER: SpecMax: Spectrum Trading and Harvesting Designs for Multi-Hop Communications in Cognitive Radio Networks

认知无线电（CR）是一种革命性的范式，它释放频谱，使辅助用户（su）能够机会地访问未充分利用的频谱。由于频谱的巨大经济价值，认知无线电技术也推动了认知无线电网络（crn）中的许多频谱交易设计。不幸的是，大多数现有的设计都依赖于一个前提，即su手持设备具有强大的CR功能，这可能不容易嵌入到su设备的轻量级小型无线电中。此外，现有的设计主要集中在单跳通信中基于用户的频谱交易，缺乏对多跳端到端业务提供的深入理解。此外，选择最佳频带的普遍想法使次要业务容易因主要用户的返回而中断。最后，为了方便频谱交易，应提供更准确的频谱可用信息。基于这些事实，本项目旨在构建一个框架来研究多跳CRN中的频谱交易，包括研究(1)设计一种新的CRN架构，以方便没有CR能力的SUs的访问；(2)扩展多跳CR通信的频谱交易；(3)在频谱不确定性下收获频谱；(4)构建细粒度的移动频谱映射。本课题的研究成果可以推动频谱交易设计的发展，丰富网络设计和网络经济学的科学知识。因此，该项目对农村网络的成功至关重要，因为农村网络可以为创造就业机会、提高生产率和经济增长提供巨大机会。该项目还涉及研究出版物/讲座，课程开发，少数民族学生招募，培训和指导，以及向K-12学生推广。

Cognitive radio (CR) is a revolutionary paradigm that releases spectrum and enables secondary users (SUs) to opportunistically access under-utilized spectrum. Due to the great economic value of spectrum, CR technology has also promoted many spectrum-trading designs in cognitive radio networks (CRNs). Unfortunately, most existing designs rely on the premise that the SUs hand-held devices have powerful CR capability, which may not be easily embedded into lightweight small-sized radios of SUs' devices. Besides, existing designs mainly focus on per-user based spectrum trading for single-hop communications, and lack deep understanding of multi-hop end-to-end service provision. Moreover, the prevalent idea of choosing the best band makes secondary services vulnerable to interruption due to the returns of primary users. Finally, to facilitate spectrum trading, more accurate information of spectrum availability should be provided. Motivated by these facts, this project aims to construct a framework to investigate the spectrum trading in multi-hop CRNs, which includes the study of (1) designing a novel CRN architecture to facilitate the accessing of SUs without CR capability, (2) extending spectrum trading for multi-hop CR communications, (3) harvesting spectrum under spectrum uncertainty, and (4) constructing a fine-grained mobile spectrum map. The results of this project can advance the state of the art in spectrum trading designs and enrich the scientific knowledge of network designs and network economics. The project is thus crucial to the success of CRNs, which can provide great opportunities for job creation, greater productivity, and economic growth. This project also involves research publications/talks, curriculum development, minority student recruitment, training and mentoring, and outreach to K-12 students.