CAREER: Persistence of soil organic matter in dynamic landscapes: interactive effects of fire and erosion

职业：土壤有机质在动态景观中的持久性：火灾和侵蚀的相互作用

• 批准号: 1352627
• 负责人: Asmeret Asefaw Berhe
• 金额: $ 47.88万
• 依托单位: University of California - Merced
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-01 至 2019-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1352627&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Persistence; soil; organic; matter

Fire, erosion, and soil carbon (C) storage and persistence overlap in space and time. There is incomplete understanding on how and why the interaction of fire and erosional distribution of soil materials control persistence of bulk soil organic matter (SOM) and pyrogenic C (PyC, also referred to as black carbon) in dynamic landscapes. This work will use molecular- and nano-scale techniques to determine how SOM persistence varies along multiple spatial (plot, hillslope, and watersheds) and temporal scales (seasonal, annual, and decadal). The outcome of this project will be better integration of biogeochemical and geomorphological approaches to derive improved representation of mechanisms that regulate SOM persistence in dynamic landscapes that routinely experience more than one perturbation. This CAREER project will develop improved understanding on the dynamics of bulk SOM and PyC in fire-adapted upland ecosystems and enable teaching of graduate and undergraduate students, and K-12 teachers. This study will generate transformational results in the way to (a) account for changes in C storage in fire-prone systems, and (b) model response of fire-prone upland ecosystems to changes in climate and/or management practices. Moreover, the investigator will: (1) teach undergraduate students and high school teachers about the critical zone, and develop and publish lesson plans for high-school level earth system science; (2) provide scientific training for a graduate student and a postdoc; and (3) learn advanced techniques that she will apply in her research and teaching.

火灾、侵蚀和土壤碳（C）储存和持久性在空间和时间上重叠。 火和土壤物质的侵蚀分布的相互作用如何以及为什么控制动态景观中大量土壤有机质（SOM）和热解碳（PyC，也称为黑碳）的持续性，目前还没有完全的了解。这项工作将使用分子和纳米尺度的技术，以确定如何SOM持久性变化沿着多个空间（情节，山坡，流域）和时间尺度（季节，年度和十年）。该项目的结果将是更好地整合生态地球化学和地貌的方法，以获得更好的代表性的机制，调节SOM持久性的动态景观，经常经历一个以上的扰动。这个职业生涯项目将提高对火适应高地生态系统中大量SOM和PyC动态的理解，并使研究生和本科生以及K-12教师的教学成为可能。这项研究将产生变革性的结果，以（a）解释易发生火灾的系统中碳储存的变化，以及（B）模拟易发生火灾的高地生态系统对气候和/或管理实践变化的响应。此外，研究员将：（1）向大学生和高中教师讲授临界区，并制定和出版高中地球系统科学课程计划;（2）为研究生和博士后提供科学培训;（3）学习先进技术，她将应用于她的研究和教学。