Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Political Ecology of Large-Scale Logging Initiatives

博士论文研究：大规模伐木计划的政治生态

• 批准号: 1356723
• 负责人: Jamon Halvaksz
• 金额: $ 2.52万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at San Antonio
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-15 至 2015-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1356723&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Political; Ecology

Doctoral student Jason Roberts, under the supervision of Dr. Jerry Jacka, will undertake research on the local processes, effects, and responses to large-scale logging in subsistence horticultural communities. The research will take place on New Hanover Island, Papua New Guinea (PNG), an excellent test site for exploring the expansion of international logging in the Asian and Pacific region. The international logging industry has recently developed a much greater presence throughout PNG as previous sources of timber in the Southeast Asian tropics have been progressively logged out. As well, the conditions for international business have become more favorable with the enactment of natural resource driven development policies within PNG. These national policies coincide with local desires for improved socioeconomic benefits, and natural resource extraction remains one of the few means by which many Papua New Guineans can hope to realize these goals. Studies have demonstrated that large-scale logging in the tropical forests of developing countries is detrimental to these ecological systems and the human populations that depend upon them for subsistence. What is not as clear is how local people and local landscapes respond to the enduring effects of logging.Using ethnographic and ecological research methods, this study compares the results of clearcut and selective logging development schemes on New Hanover Island. Participant observation and interviews at various scales, from the local to the national, will examine changing livelihoods and development policies under different logging and related agricultural development regimes. Ecological sampling techniques and remote sensing data analysis will quantify changes in local forest structure and growth, as well as changes in local subsistence production. This study combines theoretical interests in development and globalization, political ecology, and land-change science to inform our understanding of the relationships between natural resource based development, forest sustainability, and horticulturalist resilience. It is designed to promote interdisciplinary conversations in both the social and natural sciences by producing theory and data about the interconnections between social and environmental change that could be used to inform future policy.

博士生杰森·罗伯茨在杰里·杰卡博士的监督下，将对当地的过程、影响和对自给园艺社区大规模伐木的反应进行研究。研究将在巴布亚新几内亚（PNG）的新汉诺威岛进行，这是探索在亚洲和太平洋地区扩大国际伐木的一个很好的试验场。国际伐木业最近在巴布亚新几内亚发展了更大的影响力，因为东南亚热带地区以前的木材来源已逐渐被砍伐殆尽。此外，随着巴布亚新几内亚制定自然资源驱动的发展政策，国际业务的条件变得更加有利。这些国家政策与当地改善社会经济效益的愿望相吻合，自然资源开采仍然是许多巴布亚新几内亚人希望实现这些目标的少数手段之一。研究表明，在发展中国家的热带森林进行大规模采伐，对这些生态系统和依赖这些生态系统生存的人口有害。目前尚不清楚的是当地居民和当地景观如何应对伐木的持久影响。本研究采用人种学和生态学研究方法，比较了新汉诺威岛上皆伐和选择性伐木发展计划的结果。与会者将在从地方到国家的各种规模上进行观察和访谈，研究在不同的伐木和相关的农业发展制度下不断变化的生计和发展政策。生态取样技术和遥感数据分析将量化当地森林结构和生长的变化以及当地自给生产的变化。这项研究结合了发展和全球化，政治生态学和土地变化科学的理论兴趣，以告知我们对基于自然资源的发展，森林可持续性和园艺恢复力之间关系的理解。它的目的是通过产生有关社会和环境变化之间相互联系的理论和数据，促进社会科学和自然科学的跨学科对话，这些理论和数据可用于为未来的政策提供信息。