Doctoral Dissertation Research: Property Rights Claims and Resource Extraction in Contested Territorial Contexts

博士论文研究：有争议领土背景下的产权主张和资源开采

• 批准号: 1356994
• 负责人: Janet Roitman
• 金额: $ 1.83万
• 依托单位: The New School
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-15 至 2016-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1356994&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Property; Rights

Supervised by Dr. Janet Roitman, Randi Irwin, a doctoral student from The New School for Social Research, will conduct research that explores strategies for property utilization in contested territories. The research explores the creation and implementation of deferred oil contracts, which function like financial derivatives since oil reserves, unlike many other resources, are able to generate economic value without its immediate extraction. The debate over resource extraction in the Western Sahara, an oil-rich area in territorial dispute, provides an entry point for exploring how various stakeholders have utilized international law in order to make future-based claims on property and legitimacy. Given that many of the world's untapped oil reserves exist in contested territorial spaces, the research is critical to understanding how energy security can be achieved in the twenty-first century. This project asks: How and in what forms have property and citizenship been configured inside of and beyond the contract? What is the relationship between infrastructure development, property, citizenship, and natural resources? Since 1975, Morocco and the potential Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic have been in a dispute over rights to the Western Sahara. Deferred contracts and other forms of delineating property and resources may also provide new ways to make claims to political legitimacy and define the limits of the population to be governed prior to the recognition of sovereignty. The research considers how property and citizenship might be configured inside of and beyond the contract, in order to produce a particular way of legitimating the transfer of land plots for future oil extraction and prepare for sovereignty. This multi-sited fieldwork will be conducted in the Saharawi refugee camps in Algeria, at the Saharawi oil and gas annual meeting in England, and the Saharawi Oil and Gas Office in Australia. This research will include: a) interviews with Polisario party officials who manage the oil contracts; b) interviews with elected members of the Saharawi parliament who hold the power to approve or reject how resources are utilized; c) trips to the Saharawi archaeological park; d) interviews with Saharawis who do not hold official positions, but are implicated in these various configurations of property; and e) archival research in the Saharawi government and oil offices. The project would engage future researchers and policymakers with the impact of deferred oil contracts in disputed territories, knowledge which is critical to establishing and maintaining energy security in the twenty-first century. The research also supports the training of a graduate student.

新社会研究学院的博士生兰迪·欧文将在珍妮特·罗特曼博士的指导下进行研究，探索争议领土上的财产利用策略。该研究探讨了延期石油合同的创建和实施，其功能类似于金融衍生品，因为与许多其他资源不同，石油储备无需立即开采即可产生经济价值。 西撒哈拉是一个存在领土争端的石油资源丰富地区，有关该地区资源开采的争论为探索各利益攸关方如何利用国际法提出基于未来的财产和合法性主张提供了切入点。鉴于世界上许多未开发的石油储量存在于有争议的领土空间中，这项研究对于理解如何在二十一世纪实现能源安全至关重要。该项目提出的问题是：在合同内外如何以及以何种形式配置财产和公民身份？基础设施发展、财产、公民身份和自然资源之间有什么关系？自1975年以来，摩洛哥与潜在的阿拉伯撒哈拉民主共和国就西撒哈拉的权利一直存在争议。延期合同和其他形式的财产和资源划分也可能提供新的方式来主张政治合法性，并在承认主权之前确定要管辖的人口范围。该研究考虑了如何在合同内外配置财产和公民身份，以便制定一种特殊的方式，使未来石油开采的土地转让合法化，并为主权做好准备。这项多地点实地考察将在阿尔及利亚的撒哈拉难民营、英国的撒哈拉石油和天然气年会以及澳大利亚的撒哈拉石油和天然气办公室进行。这项研究将包括： a) 采访管理石油合同的波利萨里奥党官员； b) 采访有权批准或拒绝如何利用资源的撒哈拉议会民选议员； c) 前往撒哈拉考古公园； d) 对不担任官方职务但参与这些不同财产配置的撒哈拉人进行访谈； e) 撒哈拉政府和石油办公室的档案研究。该项目将使未来的研究人员和政策制定者了解争议地区延期石油合同的影响，这些知识对于建立和维护二十一世纪的能源安全至关重要。该研究还支持研究生的培训。